Background: The tumors involving the gynecologic tract encompass a wide range of lesions including those of epithelial, mesenchymal, sex cord-stromal, and germ cell origin. Amongst the carcinomas of tubo-ovarian origin, high-grade serous carcinoma is the most common malignancy. The primary role of fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology in the management of gynecologic tract malignancies is in the diagnosis of their recurrences/metastases. In patients presenting with advanced disease, the cytology specimen may be the initial or the only sampling performed before the initiation of treatment. Summary: This review will discuss the cytologic findings of various gynecologic tract neoplasms with regard to their morphologic features, differential diagnoses, and the ancillary studies that can assist in their recognition. Key Messages: FNA cytology serves as a valuable tool in the diagnosis and management of gynecologic tract malignancies. However, making an accurate diagnosis of these entities, especially on limited cytology specimens, can be challenging. Awareness regarding the morphologic spectrum of these tumors, their potential mimics, and the ancillary studies that can be employed to refine their characterization, can assist in arriving at the correct diagnosis.
Acta Cytologica 2023;67:1–17

中文翻译：

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细针穿刺细胞学在妇科肿瘤诊断中的作用

背景：累及妇科道的肿瘤包括范围广泛的病变，包括上皮、间充质、性索-间质和生殖细胞来源的病变。在输卵管卵巢起源的癌中，高级别浆液性癌是最常见的恶性肿瘤。细针穿刺 (FNA) 细胞学在妇科恶性肿瘤治疗中的主要作用是诊断其复发/转移。在患有晚期疾病的患者中，细胞学标本可能是治疗开始前进行的初始或唯一取样。概括：本综述将讨论各种妇科管道肿瘤的细胞学发现，包括其形态学特征、鉴别诊断以及有助于识别的辅助研究。关键信息： FNA 细胞学是诊断和治疗妇科恶性肿瘤的重要工具。然而，对这些实体进行准确诊断，尤其是在有限的细胞学标本上，可能具有挑战性。了解这些肿瘤的形态学谱、它们的潜在模拟物以及可用于完善其特征的辅助研究，有助于做出正确的诊断。
细胞学报 2023；67:1–17