Since the end of the Cold War, the UN has extended many of its missions in conflict zones to include political, military, and humanitarian activities. Many humanitarian nongovernmental organizations have been critical of these “integrated” UN missions, claiming that they can blur the distinction between political, military, and humanitarian action, thus placing humanitarian aid workers at risk of retaliation from warring factions opposed to the UN’s political objectives. This proposition is empirically tested using generalized methods of moments statistical analysis of sixty-seven countries that experienced intrastate conflict between 1997 and 2018. When assessing attacks in general—to include the sum of aid workers killed, wounded, and kidnapped—the results indicate that humanitarian aid workers are more likely to come under attack in countries that have an integrated UN mission. However, when the attacks are assessed separately, results show that this relationship holds only with aid workers who are killed in the field.

自冷战结束以来，联合国将其在冲突地区的许多任务扩展到包括政治、军事和人道主义活动。许多人道非政府组织一直批评这些“综合”联合国任务，声称它们可以模糊政治、军事和人道行动之间的区别，从而使人道援助工作者面临遭到反对联合国的交战派别报复的风险的政治目标。该命题使用广义矩统计分析方法对 1997 年至 2018 年间经历过国内冲突的 67 个国家进行了实证检验。在评估一般攻击时——包括遇难、受伤和被绑架的援助人员总数——结果表明：人道主义援助工作者更有可能在拥有综合联合国使命的国家受到攻击。然而，当单独评估攻击时，结果表明这种关系只适用于在现场遇害的援助人员。