This article attempts to resituate the Greek regime of 4th of August 1936 within the wider context of interwar fascism in Europe and address it as fascist ideology and practice. It does so by pointing to the ways in which the biomedical discourse on gender and sexuality was pivotal in Ioannis Metaxas’s project in terms of playing a crucial role in normalising ideas of racial, class, sexual and gender hierarchy. The article has two areas of focus. The first approaches the eugenic discourse developed in Greece and Europe under liberal governments. This relied on the premise that the mental or psychic disorders it accounted for, identified mainly among the lower classes, were diagnosed as diseases of the ‘libidinous libido’ when it came to criminality, poverty, strikes, psychic diseases and brutal deaths. The second area of focus reveals how, once trained to detect biological and psychical anomalies, Metaxas’s regime managed to perform something that now gives the impression of a magic trick: by waving the wand of psychiatric technocracy over a scene of profound economic inequality, it cultivated an authoritarian, patriarchal, biomedical discourse on psychic normality.

本文试图将 1936 年 8 月 4 日的希腊政权置于欧洲两次世界大战之间法西斯主义的更广泛背景下，并将其视为法西斯意识形态和实践。它通过指出关于性别和性行为的生物医学话语在 Ioannis Metaxas 的项目中发挥关键作用的方式，在种族、阶级、性别和性别等级观念的正常化方面发挥关键作用。这篇文章有两个重点。第一种方法接近在自由政府统治下的希腊和欧洲发展起来的优生学话语。这依赖于这样一个前提，即它所解释的主要在下层阶级中发现的精神或精神障碍，在涉及犯罪、贫困、罢工、精神疾病和残酷死亡时，被诊断为“力比多力比多”的疾病。第二个重点领域揭示了如何，