Summary

The printed editions of the Liber extra usually contain summaria, which are short summaries added to the source text providing the encapsulated ratio of each chapter. These short additions were mostly overlooked by the canonists and legal historians, and for this reason their history and relevance are not satisfactorily assessed. The study of incunabula shows that summaria were taken mostly from the Commentaria of Niccolò de Tudeschi, however his summaries were usually founded on the earlier commentaries to the Liber extra. Summaria were first introduced to the printed Liber extra in 1489 by Girolamo Chiari in the edition of the Venetian printer Battista Torti. This innovation was immediately adopted by other printers who expressly signalled the addition of summaria to attract the attention of students and other potential purchasers. The other redaction of summaria was prepared by Jean Chappuis for the edition of the Liber extra in 1501, and both redactions were inserted in the editio Romana of 1582, either in the centre or in the margins. Summaria were reiterated in almost all editions starting from the edition of Torti from 1489 up to the edition of Friedberg in 1881. The scarce scholarly accounts on the significance of summaria claim only that they were lacking authoritative value but should be treated as interpretative, didactic or epistemic tools for a better understanding of the Liber extra and accompanying the history of canon law jurisprudence.

中文翻译：

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Extra Liber summaria的历史和规范意义

概括

Liber extra的印刷版通常包含summaria，这是添加到源文本的简短摘要，提供每一章的封装比例。这些简短的补充大多被法典制定者和法律史学家所忽视，因此，它们的历史和相关性没有得到令人满意的评估。对 incunabula 的研究表明，摘要主要取自Niccolò de Tudeschi 的Commentaria，但他的摘要通常建立在早期对Liber extra 的评论之上。Summaria首次出现在印刷版Liber extra中1489 年由 Girolamo Chiari 在威尼斯印刷商 Battista Torti 的版本中印刷。这一创新立即被其他印刷商采用，他们明确表示增加了摘要以吸引学生和其他潜在购买者的注意。Jean Chappuis 为1501 年的Liber extra版本编写了另一份概要修订本，这两个修订本都被插入到 1582 年的editio Romana中，位于中心或页边。从 1489 年的 Torti 版到 1881 年的 Friedberg 版，几乎所有版本都重申了Summaria。关于summaria重要性的稀缺学术说明仅声称它们缺乏权威价值，但应被视为解释、教学或认知工具，以更好地理解 Liber extra并伴随教会法判例的历史。