Abstract

The concept of sustainable development provides for the achievement of 17 goals formulated in 2015 by the UN General Assembly. Tribology is one of the factors for their achievement in the field of industry and innovation (Sustainable Development Goal 9 or SDG 9). Losses associated with friction and wear of machines are estimated at 3–5% of the gross national product. About a quarter of the energy consumed by industry is spent on overcoming frictional forces. Reducing friction losses, wear of machines, emissions from internal combustion engines (ICEs), using environmental-friendly lubricants are just a small list of tribology’s opportunities to achieve sustainable development goals. Applications of tribology have gone far beyond the solution of purely technical problems, and so-called green tribology has begun to play a special role in public life in recent years. The use of polymers is one of the effective methods to achieve the goals of green tribology. These goals are closely related to the creative heritage of Vladimir Belyi in the tribology of polymers, in particular, studies of friction mass transfer. In continuation of his work, it is shown that nanofillers actively affect the behavior of polymer macromolecules during friction, the formation of transfer films and wear particles. Using PEEK-based composites as an example, the effectiveness of materials with nanosized and traditional additives is confirmed. Another direction of green tribology is the development of environmental-friendly lubricants. Currently, many countries are restricting the use of mineral oils in agriculture and forestry, encouraging the use of lubricating oils and fluids made from vegetable raw materials. It is shown that such oils are not inferior to mineral oils in many respects and exhibit good anti-wear properties due to the formation of tribopolymer films.

中文翻译：

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可持续发展与高分子摩擦学

摘要

可持续发展的概念规定了联合国大会在 2015 年制定的 17 个目标的实现。摩擦学是他们在工业和创新领域（可持续发展目标 9 或 SDG 9）取得成就的因素之一。与机器摩擦和磨损相关的损失估计占国民生产总值的 3-5%。工业消耗的能源中约有四分之一用于克服摩擦力。减少摩擦损失、机器磨损、内燃机 (ICE) 排放、使用环保润滑油只是摩擦学实现可持续发展目标的一小部分机会。摩擦学的应用已经远远超出了解决纯技术问题的范畴，近年来，所谓的绿色摩擦学开始在公共生活中发挥特殊作用。聚合物的使用是实现绿色摩擦学目标的有效方法之一。这些目标与 Vladimir Belyi 在聚合物摩擦学方面的创造性遗产密切相关，特别是摩擦传质研究。在他的后续工作中，表明纳米填料在摩擦、转移膜和磨损颗粒的形成过程中积极影响聚合物大分子的行为。以 PEEK 基复合材料为例，证实了具有纳米级和传统添加剂的材料的有效性。绿色摩擦学的另一个方向是开发环保型润滑油。目前，许多国家都在限制矿物油在农业和林业中的使用，鼓励使用由植物原料制成的润滑油和液体。结果表明，此类油在许多方面并不逊色于矿物油，并且由于形成摩擦聚合物薄膜而表现出良好的抗磨损性能。