Abstract—

The results of studying the regularities of destruction and their influence on the wear resistance of low-alloy 65G and 28MnB5 steels when moving in different types of soil are presented. It has been established that the effect of soil type on destruction and wear resistance ε is controlled by rheological-fatigue parameter R_f, which plays a leading role in the strength base of the wear mechanism of low-alloy steels. In the process of wear, residual tensile stresses of a plastic-destructive nature are formed on the working surface of the steel, the lowest value of which is observed after testing in sandy loam, and the highest in light clay. Consequently, the relaxation of stresses by the mechanisms of plastic deformation and destruction in sandy loam is more intense than in average loam and light clay. The following correlation has been established: the higher the level of residual stresses, the higher the rheological-fatigue parameter and wear resistance of steel. In the studied soil types, the leading role is played by stress relaxation mechanisms in the area of low-cycle fatigue. Therefore, the mechanical component of interaction with the soil is dominant in the formation of the structural-phase state of the surface layers of steels. The damage of low-alloy steels in soil is mixed and includes three main forms of abrasive wear: mechanical, mechanical fatigue, mechanochemical. In all studied soil types, the mechanical fatigue form of abrasive wear plays a leading role. Therefore, an increase in the wear resistance of low-alloy steels must first of all be associated with the elimination of active low-cycle fatigue phenomena on the wear surface. The formation of secondary structures during wear in the soil contributes to a decrease in the absorption of irreversible energy by the metal, and, consequently, to an increase in its wear resistance.

中文翻译：

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土壤类型对低合金钢磨损断裂的影响

摘要—

介绍了低合金 65G 和 28MnB5 钢在不同类型土壤中移动时的破坏规律及其对耐磨性影响的研究结果。已经确定土壤类型对破坏性和耐磨性 ε 的影响由流变疲劳参数R _f控制, 它在低合金钢磨损机制的强度基础中起着主导作用。在磨损过程中，钢的工作表面会形成塑性破坏性的残余拉应力，试验后砂壤土中最低，轻粘土中最高。因此，砂质壤土中塑性变形和破坏机制引起的应力松弛比普通壤土和轻质粘土更为强烈。建立了以下相关性：残余应力水平越高，钢的流变疲劳参数和耐磨性就越高。在所研究的土壤类型中，低周疲劳领域的应力松弛机制起着主导作用。所以，与土壤相互作用的机械成分在钢表面层的结构相状态的形成中起主导作用。低合金钢在土壤中的损伤是混合的，包括磨粒磨损三种主要形式：机械磨损、机械疲劳、机械化学磨损。在所有研究的土壤类型中，磨粒磨损的机械疲劳形式起着主导作用。因此，低合金钢耐磨性的提高首先必须与磨损表面活跃的低周疲劳现象的消除相关联。在土壤中磨损期间二级结构的形成有助于减少金属对不可逆能量的吸收，从而增加其耐磨性。低合金钢在土壤中的损伤是混合的，包括磨粒磨损三种主要形式：机械磨损、机械疲劳、机械化学磨损。在所有研究的土壤类型中，磨粒磨损的机械疲劳形式起着主导作用。因此，低合金钢耐磨性的提高首先必须与磨损表面活跃的低周疲劳现象的消除相关联。在土壤中磨损期间二级结构的形成有助于减少金属对不可逆能量的吸收，从而增加其耐磨性。低合金钢在土壤中的损伤是混合的，包括磨粒磨损三种主要形式：机械磨损、机械疲劳、机械化学磨损。在所有研究的土壤类型中，磨粒磨损的机械疲劳形式起着主导作用。因此，低合金钢耐磨性的提高首先必须与磨损表面活跃的低周疲劳现象的消除相关联。在土壤中磨损期间二级结构的形成有助于减少金属对不可逆能量的吸收，从而增加其耐磨性。低合金钢耐磨性的提高首先必须与磨损表面活跃的低周疲劳现象的消除相关联。在土壤中磨损期间二级结构的形成有助于减少金属对不可逆能量的吸收，从而增加其耐磨性。低合金钢耐磨性的提高首先必须与磨损表面活跃的低周疲劳现象的消除相关联。在土壤中磨损期间二级结构的形成有助于减少金属对不可逆能量的吸收，从而增加其耐磨性。