The textile industry is a common and relevant sector worldwide that generates significant environmental pollution via the discharge of dye-containing wastewater. In this direction, the electrospinning technology can be used to produce adsorbing nanofibers for the treatment of wastewater polluted by dyes and other toxic compounds. The nanofibers obtained by this technology are light and thin, thus providing several advantages (e.g., high surface area) to improve the efficacy of adsorption processes. In this direction, this study reports the preparation of nanofibers from polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and bentonite via electrospinning. This study also reports PVB/bentonite nanofiber mat and its application in adsorbing the cationic dye (methylene blue) from an aqueous solution. The morphology and water contact angles of these nanofibers were analyzed. Results showed that the maximum dye adsorption of these nanofibers was 66.63 mg/g along with 32% removal at pH 9 and 27 ± 2°C. The dye adsorption on these nanofibers was exothermic and pH-dependent, with the best adsorption capacities obtained under alkaline conditions. The adsorption mechanism of this dye molecule on these PVB/bentonite nanofiber mats was associated with van der Waals forces, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic interactions. This novel composite is an interesting material with improved properties that can be applied to the removal of cationic dyes from wastewater.

中文翻译：

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用于去除阳离子染料的电纺聚乙烯醇缩丁醛/膨润土纳米纤维膜的合成

纺织业是世界范围内常见的相关行业，通过排放含染料废水产生严重的环境污染。在这个方向上，静电纺丝技术可用于生产吸附性纳米纤维，用于处理被染料和其他有毒化合物污染的废水。通过这种技术获得的纳米纤维又轻又薄，因此提供了几个优势（例如，高表面积）来提高吸附过程的效率。在这个方向上，本研究报告了通过静电纺丝从聚乙烯醇缩丁醛 (PVB) 和膨润土制备纳米纤维。本研究还报道了 PVB/膨润土纳米纤维毡及其在从水溶液中吸附阳离子染料（亚甲蓝）的应用。分析了这些纳米纤维的形态和水接触角。结果表明，在 pH 9 和 27 ± 2°C 下，这些纳米纤维的最大染料吸附量为 66.63 mg/g，去除率为 32%。这些纳米纤维上的染料吸附是放热和 pH 依赖性的，在碱性条件下具有最佳吸附能力。这种染料分子在这些 PVB/膨润土纳米纤维垫上的吸附机制与范德华力、氢键和静电相互作用有关。这种新型复合材料是一种有趣的材料，具有改进的性能，可用于去除废水中的阳离子染料。这种染料分子在这些 PVB/膨润土纳米纤维垫上的吸附机制与范德华力、氢键和静电相互作用有关。这种新型复合材料是一种有趣的材料，具有改进的性能，可用于去除废水中的阳离子染料。这种染料分子在这些 PVB/膨润土纳米纤维垫上的吸附机制与范德华力、氢键和静电相互作用有关。这种新型复合材料是一种有趣的材料，具有改进的性能，可用于去除废水中的阳离子染料。