Emotions are fundamental to our experience and behavior, affecting and motivating all aspects of our lives. Scientists of various disciplines have been fascinated by emotions for centuries, yet even today vigorous debates abound about how to define emotions and how to best study their neural underpinnings. Defining emotions from an evolutionary perspective and acknowledging their important functional roles in supporting survival allows the study of emotion states in diverse species. This approach enables taking advantage of modern tools in behavioral, systems, and circuit neurosciences, allowing the precise dissection of neural mechanisms and behavior underlying emotion processes in model organisms. Here we review findings about the neural circuit mechanisms underlying emotion processing across species and try to identify points of convergence as well as important next steps in the pursuit of understanding how emotions emerge from neural activity.

中文翻译：

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情绪的神经回路

情绪是我们的经历和行为的基础，影响和激励我们生活的各个方面。几个世纪以来，各个学科的科学家一直对情绪着迷，但即使在今天，关于如何定义情绪以及如何最好地研究其神经基础的激烈争论仍然存在。从进化的角度定义情绪并承认它们在支持生存中的重要功能作用可以研究不同物种的情绪状态。这种方法能够利用行为、系统和回路神经科学领域的现代工具，从而能够精确剖析模型生物体中情绪过程背后的神经机制和行为。在这里，我们回顾了跨物种情绪处理背后的神经回路机制的发现，并试图确定收敛点以及重要的后续步骤，以了解情绪如何从神经活动中产生。