ABSTRACT

For two centuries, Orientalists have consistently questioned the role of Judaism in the early development of Islam. This has resulted in an array of scholarship that attempts to unpack a more accurate relationship of early Islam with Medinan Jews than is found in much of the historiographically tenuous sīra and taʾrīkh literature. This article contributes to this strand of revisionism by assessing religious identity in the Medinan period, utilising what this article argues to be the only two relevant, reputable and proven documents from the early seventh century – the Qurʾān and the Constitution of Medina. Religious attitudes and identities can be derived from a comparative assessment of the semantics of these documents, analysing their implications, including how views on key words and notions can enable us to reorientate early Medinan interreligious attitudes between Muslims and Jews.

摘要

两个世纪以来，东方学家一直质疑犹太教在伊斯兰教早期发展中的作用。这导致了一系列的学术研究，试图揭示早期伊斯兰教与麦地那犹太人的更准确的关系，而不是在史学上脆弱的sīra和taʾrīkh中发现的关系。文学。本文通过评估麦地那时期的宗教身份，利用了七世纪早期仅有的两份相关的、有信誉的和经过验证的文件——《古兰经》和《麦地那宪法》，为这一修正主义做出了贡献。宗教态度和身份可以通过对这些文献的语义的比较评估来得出，分析它们的含义，包括对关键词和概念的看法如何使我们能够重新定位早期麦地那穆斯林和犹太人之间的宗教态度。