ABSTRACT

This longitudinal study examined how two externalising behaviour problems, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and conduct disorder (CDs), are associated over time with low motivation (MAS), and how these problems effect academic performance. In our cross-lagged analysis, we found reciprocal effects between ADHD symptoms and MAS between Grades 5 and 6. Both domains also negatively predicted later academic performance. With CDs and MAS, no cross-lagged effects were found, although both were correlated and very stable over time, and negatively predicted later academic performance. These different kinds of externalising problem behaviours seem to differ in the way in which they interact with students’ MAS and academic performance in the long term. Students with ADHD symptoms are likely to be more vulnerable to negative learning experiences and the development of MAS than students with CDs.

摘要

这项纵向研究探讨了注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）和品行障碍（CD）这两种外化行为问题如何随着时间的推移与低积极性（MAS）相关，以及这些问题如何影响学习成绩。在我们的交叉滞后分析中，我们发现 5 年级和 6 年级之间的 ADHD 症状和 MAS 之间存在相互影响。这两个领域也对以后的学业表现产生负面影响。对于 CD 和 MAS，没有发现交叉滞后效应，尽管两者随着时间的推移相关且非常稳定，并对以后的学业表现产生负面预测。从长远来看，这些不同类型的外化问题行为与学生的 MAS 和学业成绩的相互作用方式似乎有所不同。