ABSTRACT

Using poetic metaphors in the Serbian language, we identified systematic variations in the impact of fluid and crystalized intelligence on comprehension of metaphors that varied in rated aptness and familiarity. Overall, comprehension scores were higher for metaphors that were high rather than low in aptness, and high rather than low in familiarity. A measure of crystalized intelligence was a robust predictor of comprehension across the full range of metaphors, but especially for those that were either relatively unfamiliar or more apt. In contrast, individual differences associated with fluid intelligence were clearly found only for metaphors that were low in aptness. Superior verbal knowledge appears to be particularly important when trying to find meaning in novel metaphorical expressions, and also when exploring the rich interpretive potential of apt metaphors. The broad role of crystalized intelligence in metaphor comprehension is consistent with the view that metaphors are largely understood using semantic integration processes continuous with those that operate in understanding literal language.

摘要

使用塞尔维亚语中的诗意隐喻，我们确定了流动和结晶智力对隐喻理解的影响的系统变化，这些隐喻在额定的恰当性和熟悉度上有所不同。总体而言，对于恰当性高而不是低、熟悉度高而不是低的隐喻，理解分数更高。结晶智力的衡量标准是对所有隐喻理解能力的有力预测指标，尤其是对于那些相对不熟悉或更恰当的隐喻。相比之下，与流动智力相关的个体差异显然只存在于适应性较低的隐喻中。当试图在新颖的隐喻表达中寻找意义时，高级语言知识显得尤为重要，以及探索恰当隐喻的丰富解释潜力时。结晶智力在隐喻理解中的广泛作用与以下观点一致，即隐喻在很大程度上是通过与理解文字语言的语义整合过程连续的语义整合过程来理解的。