This study assesses the effect of climate-smart agriculture (CSA) technology adoption on the welfare status of households in a subsistence mixed farming system in the Geshy watershed, South West Ethiopia. Due to the changing climate, characterized by changes in patterns of rainfall and rising temperature, the livelihoods of smallholder rural farmers in the Geshy watershed are highly threatened. For these households that are highly dependent on rain-fed agriculture, coping mechanisms, proper adaptation, and mitigation measures are hence important steps to secure household incomes and livelihoods. CSA offers this opportunity. A survey data collected from 384 households cross-sectionally was used to analyze the impact of CSA on food security and household income. The research model used in this study was the endogenous switching regression model which controls unobserved heterogeneity and selection bias, a method used commonly in analyzing adoption impacts. The study comes up with various socioeconomic and agricultural factors influencing food security and CSA adoption. The econometric analysis result shows that the variables that had a significant impact on farmers’ decisions for CSA adoption were field soil fertility status, distance to market, asset ownership, and livestock ownership. The average values of the treatment effects of the untreated (ATU) and treated (ATT) result in a positive and significant impact on farmers’ welfare. Factors such as household head education, size of labor, livestock size, and asset index significantly affected household income. The level of education, the size of irrigable land, and livestock size influenced food security. This study concludes that households that adopted more CSA practices experience better welfare. Access to inputs, encouraging investments in assets, irrigation, and livestock production, providing incentives to input dealers for rural areas decentralization, and access to weather forecasts need to be improved to exploit the full potential of climate-smart agriculture technologies as policy recommendations.

本研究评估了采用气候智能型农业 (CSA) 技术对埃塞俄比亚西南部盖西流域自给混合农业系统中家庭福利状况的影响。由于气候变化，降雨模式发生变化，气温升高，盖西流域小农户的生计受到严重威胁。因此，对于这些高度依赖雨养农业的家庭来说，应对机制、适当的适应和缓解措施是确保家庭收入和生计的重要步骤。CSA 提供了这个机会。从 384 个家庭横断面收集的调查数据用于分析 CSA 对粮食安全和家庭收入的影响。本研究中使用的研究模型是控制未观察到的异质性和选择偏差的内生切换回归模型，这是一种通常用于分析采用影响的方法。该研究提出了影响粮食安全和 CSA 采用的各种社会经济和农业因素。计量经济学分析结果表明，对农民采用 CSA 的决定有显着影响的变量是田间土壤肥力状况、到市场的距离、资产所有权和牲畜所有权。未处理 (ATU) 和处理 (ATT) 处理效果的平均值对农民福利产生了积极且显着的影响。户主受教育程度、劳动力规模、牲畜规模和资产指数等因素显着影响家庭收入。教育水平，可灌溉土地的大小和牲畜的大小影响粮食安全。本研究得出结论，采用更多 CSA 做法的家庭体验到更好的福利。获取投入物，鼓励对资产、灌溉和畜牧生产的投资，为农村地区权力下放的投入物经销商提供激励，以及获取天气预报的途径需要得到改善，以充分发挥气候智能型农业技术的潜力，作为政策建议。