Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) are a large class of secondary metabolites that have garnered scientific attention due to their complex scaffolds with potential roles in medicine, agriculture, and chemical ecology. RiPPs derive from the cleavage of ribosomally-synthesized proteins and the additional modifications, catalyzed by various enzymes to alter the peptide backbone or side chains. Of these enzymes, cytochromes P450 are a superfamily of heme-thiolate proteins involved in many metabolic pathways, including RiPP biosyntheses. In this review, we focus our discussion on cytochromes P450 involved in RiPP pathways and the unique chemical transformations they mediate. Previous studies have revealed a wealth of cytochromes P450 distributed across all domains of life. While the number of characterized cytochromes P450 involved in RiPP biosyntheses is relatively small, they catalyze various enzymatic reactions such as C-C or C-N bond formation. Formation of some RiPPs is catalyzed by more than one cytochrome P450, enabling structural diversity. With the continuous improvement of the bioinformatic tools for RiPP prediction and advancement in synthetic biology techniques, it is expected that further cytochrome P450-mediated RiPP biosynthetic pathways will be discovered.

中文翻译：

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细胞色素 P450 参与细菌 RiPP 生物合成

核糖体合成和翻译后修饰肽（RiPP）是一大类次级代谢产物，由于其复杂的支架在医学、农业和化学生态学中具有潜在作用而引起了科学界的关注。RiPP 源自核糖体合成蛋白质的裂解和额外修饰，由各种酶催化以改变肽主链或侧链。在这些酶中，细胞色素 P450 是血红素硫醇蛋白超家族，参与许多代谢途径，包括 RiPP 生物合成。在这篇综述中，我们重点讨论参与 RiPP 途径的细胞色素 P450 及其介导的独特化学转化。先前的研究表明，大量的细胞色素 P450 分布在生命的各个领域。虽然参与 RiPP 生物合成的特征细胞色素 P450 的数量相对较少，但它们催化各种酶促反应，例如 CC 或 CN 键的形成。一些 RiPP 的形成由不止一种细胞色素 P450 催化，从而实现结构多样性。随着RiPP预测生物信息学工具的不断完善和合成生物学技术的进步，预计将发现更多细胞色素P450介导的RiPP生物合成途径。