This paper points out a critical issue in the study of estimating the azimuth of ground sources by using the polarization characteristics of Rayleigh waves: even if the signal quality is good, the degree of polarization of Rayleigh waves varies across different frequency bands, and the band with the strongest energy is not the one with the lowest azimuth error. A direction of arrival estimation method for ground sources based on optimally polarized Rayleigh waves using a single three-component geophone is presented in this paper. First, the reciprocal ellipse rate, flatness coefficient, and the angle between the semi-minor axes and the horizontal plane are selected as the polarization parameters of this method according to two quantitative principles. Then the frequency band range of the optimal polarization Rayleigh wave is determined by analyzing the sum of the weights of the three polarization parameters in different frequency bands. After filtering and combining with the existing surface wave analysis method, the actual data bearing estimation result with an average error of only 4.95 degrees and a standard deviation of only 1.82 degrees is obtained. It is also found that the signal-to-noise ratio approximates the exponential decay of the direction of arrival error obtained by this method.

中文翻译：

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基于最优极化瑞利波的地源波达方向估计方法

本文指出了利用瑞利波的极化特性估计地源方位角研究中的一个关键问题：即使信号质量良好，瑞利波的极化程度在不同频段之间也存在差异，而频段能量最强的不是方位误差最小的。本文提出了一种基于最优极化瑞利波的单三分量检波器地源波达方向估计方法。首先，根据两个定量原则，选取倒数椭圆率、平坦度系数和半短轴与水平面的夹角作为该方法的偏振参数。然后通过分析三个极化参数在不同频段的权值之和，确定最佳极化瑞利波的频段范围。经过滤波并结合现有面波分析方法，得到平均误差仅为4.95度、标准差仅为1.82度的实际数据方位估计结果。还发现信噪比近似于通过该方法获得的到达方向误差的指数衰减。获得82度。还发现信噪比近似于通过该方法获得的到达方向误差的指数衰减。获得82度。还发现信噪比近似于通过该方法获得的到达方向误差的指数衰减。