This paper proposes a novel approach to evaluate location decisions for public facilities. The approach addresses, not only the standard distance-minimizing problem, but also the endogenous location decisions of individuals. The paper develops a quantifiable general equilibrium model with endogenous (residential and commercial) densities, housing prices, commutes to work, as well as to public/private facilities. The framework is applied to the case of secondary schools in Paris’ greater region at a 1km${}^2$ geographical scale. The analysis reveals that the observed location decisions made between 2001 and 2015 underestimate the endogenous reaction of individuals. A more decentralized strategy is predicted to increase welfare growth by 10 percent, reduce density in Paris’ center, and shorten commuting times to school globally.

本文提出了一种评估公共设施选址决策的新方法。该方法不仅解决了标准的距离最小化问题，而且解决了个人的内生位置决策。本文开发了一个可量化的一般均衡模型，该模型具有内生（住宅和商业）密度、房价、上班通勤以及公共/私人设施。该框架适用于距离巴黎大区 1 公里的中学案例${}^{\mathrm{2个}}$地理规模。分析表明，观察到的 2001 年至 2015 年期间做出的位置决定低估了个体的内生反应。一项更加分散的战略预计将使福利增长提高 10%，降低巴黎市中心的人口密度，并缩短全球上下学的通勤时间。