Ionic liquid ion sources generate ion beams from ionic liquids by vacuum electrospray. Electrospray characteristics generally depend on the physical properties of the liquids used. A key factor affecting physical properties is temperature. In this study, ion beam production was investigated using a protic ionic liquid, propylammonium nitrate (PAN), at temperatures ranging from 22 to 60 °C. An ion beam was produced using a needle emitter equipped with a cartridge heater, thermocouple, and sharpened glass rod externally wetted with PAN. The experimental results showed that the heating of the emitter increased the ion beam current. This will be due to an increase in the conductivity and a decrease in the viscosity of PAN with increasing temperature. Furthermore, the abundance of larger cluster ions increased, whereas that of smaller cluster ions decreased with increasing temperature. It turned out, however, that higher heating of the emitter stopped ion beam production. Two hypotheses for the beam stop are proposed and discussed.

中文翻译：

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质子离子液体温度对真空电喷雾离子束产生的影响

离子液体离子源通过真空电喷雾从离子液体中产生离子束。电喷雾特性通常取决于所用液体的物理性质。影响物理特性的一个关键因素是温度。在这项研究中，使用质子离子液体硝酸丙铵 (PAN) 在 22 至 60 °C 的温度范围内研究了离子束的产生。使用配备筒式加热器、热电偶和外部用 PAN 润湿的尖锐玻璃棒的针状发射器产生离子束。实验结果表明，发射器的加热增加了离子束电流。这将是由于 PAN 的电导率增加和粘度随温度升高而降低。此外，较大簇离子的丰度增加，而较小的簇离子随着温度的升高而降低。然而，事实证明，发射器的较高加热会阻止离子束的产生。提出并讨论了光束停止的两个假设。