ABSTRACT

The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of long-term (45-year) fertilization of the crop rotation on soil organic carbon concentration (SOC%) changes in different periods of the experiment and its trend under conditions of more northerly marine climate changes. In this work, the data of the long-term NPK fertilization experiment of sandy loam Calcisols located in Northern Estonia (longitude 58.584816, latitude 24.422128) have been used. The crop rotation was divided into six blocks: potato-spring barley-spring barley under sowing with forage grasses – 1y and 2y forage grasses-winter rye. Different combinations of mineral (N 40—180; P 18—54; K 50—105 kg ha⁻¹) and organic (manure (FYM) 30 and 60 Mg ha⁻¹) fertilizers were used in the study. Two periods were observed: the last 20y vegetation period was 10% warmer and 15% less rainy than the earlier period. Under conditions of climate warming, the yield of barley and potatoes increased the most, especially with manure application. SOC% increased from 2.01 to 2.04 under the influence of mineral fertilizers, and from 2.08 to 2.22 with mineral + FYM. The soil is sustainable if manure is used at least 5–10 Mg ha⁻¹ per y⁻¹.

摘要

【摘要】：目的探讨长期(45年)轮作施肥对不同时期土壤有机碳浓度(SOC%)变化的影响及其在偏北海洋性气候条件下的变化趋势。变化。在这项工作中，使用了位于爱沙尼亚北部（经度 58.584816，纬度 24.422128）的沙壤土钙质土的长期 NPK 施肥实验数据。作物轮作分为6个区块：马铃薯-春大麦-春大麦下饲草-1年和2年饲草-冬黑麦。矿物质（N 40—180；P 18—54；K 50—105 kg ha ^-1）和有机物（肥料 (FYM) 30 和 60 Mg ha ^{-1的不同组合}) 研究中使用了化肥。观察到两个时期：最后 20 年的植被时期比前期温暖 10%，降雨量减少 15%。在气候变暖的条件下，大麦和马铃薯的产量增加最多，尤其是施肥。在矿物肥料的影响下，SOC% 从 2.01 增加到 2.04，在矿物肥料 + FYM 的影响下，SOC% 从 2.08 增加到 2.22。如果每 y ^{-1至少使用 5-10 Mg ha -1}粪便，土壤是可持续的。