Background

The aim of this study was to evaluate criminal outcomes of mentally disordered offenders in compulsory forensic psychiatric care during the year 2010 versus 2018. More specifically, we sought to identify the occurrence of new criminal sentences during ongoing treatment and possible factors associated with recidivistic criminality. Another aim was to map previous criminality, types of index crime, and whether there were any changes within this decade.

Methods

Crime-, clinical, and treatment-related variables were collected from the Swedish National Forensic Psychiatric Register for all unique inpatients registered from January 1–December 31 in 2010 (N = 717) and 2018 (N = 757). The mean, frequency, percentage, and standard deviation were calculated per variable and stratified by study year and gender. Between-group comparisons were made using t-tests and Chi-square tests. Binary logistic regression was performed to determine whether variables expected to be associated with recidivism showed any relation to criminal recidivism for each study cohort.

Results

Most patients were male and approximately one-quarter and one-half of the men, respectively, had a previous sentence for non-violent and violent crimes. The 2018 cohort showed significantly lower rates of sentences to forensic psychiatry with special court supervision although the numbers were low in both cohorts and for both men and women. Previous violent conviction was associated with criminal recidivism during treatment in 2010, while this was joined by index crime under the influence of alcohol/illicit drugs for the 2018 cohort.

Conclusions

Overall, these results showed more similarities between the 2010 and 2018 cohorts then dissimilarities, while on the other hand some quite substantial differences were described between males versus females. The results of this study indicate that it may be possible to tailor forensic psychiatric treatment to gender as a proxy for other variables related to increased criminal recidivism in offenders sentenced to forensic psychiatric care.

中文翻译：

---

瑞典法医精神病学患者的累犯：一项基于登记册的比较研究

背景

本研究的目的是评估 2010 年与 2018 年精神障碍罪犯在强制性法医精神病治疗中的犯罪结果。更具体地说，我们试图确定在持续治疗期间新判刑的发生情况以及与累犯犯罪相关的可能因素。另一个目的是绘制以前的犯罪记录、指数犯罪类型以及这十年内是否有任何变化。

方法

从瑞典国家法医精神病学登记处收集了 2010 年（ N  = 717）和 2018 年（N  = 757）1 月 1 日至 12 月 31 日登记的所有独特住院患者的犯罪、临床和治疗相关变量。计算每个变量的平均值、频率、百分比和标准偏差，并按研究年份和性别分层。使用t检验和卡方检验进行组间比较。执行二元逻辑回归以确定预期与累犯相关的变量是否显示与每个研究队列的犯罪累犯有任何关系。

结果

大多数患者是男性，大约四分之一和二分之一的男性分别曾因非暴力和暴力犯罪被判刑。2018 年队列显示，在特别法庭监督下法医精神病学的判刑率明显较低，尽管这两个队列以及男性和女性的人数都很低。先前的暴力定罪与 2010 年治疗期间的累犯有关，而 2018 年队列中酒精/非法药物影响下的指数犯罪也与此相关。

结论

总体而言，这些结果显示 2010 年和 2018 年队列之间的相似点多于不同点，而另一方面，男性与女性之间存在一些相当大的差异。这项研究的结果表明，有可能根据性别调整法医精神病治疗，作为与被判处法医精神病治疗的罪犯的累犯增加相关的其他变量的代理。