Exosomal cargo secreted from cancer cells has been associated with the development and progression of the tumour. Enriching clinically relevant tissue-specific exosomes may assist in the focused analysis of RNA molecules packaged during cancer. Therefore, this study utilized a rapid immunomagnetic enrichment approach for targeted isolation of lung cancer cell-derived exosomes from human plasma, followed by analysing their cargo RNA using high throughput sequencing. The total RNA purified from these immunomagnetically enriched exosomes provided adequate RNA quality for characterization through the Illumina platform. Differential expression analysis was performed between patients and healthy controls to study the altered exosomal RNA profile during lung cancer. Further, functional enrichment analysis was performed with the list of identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs). In total, 1383 mRNAs and 64 lncRNA were identified as differentially expressed between patient plasma exosomes than healthy controls (fold change > 2, P < 0.05). Kyoto encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed that the DEGs were mainly associated with cancer-related pathways, purine metabolism, calcium, and cGMP-PKG signalling pathways. In conclusion, the presented approach successfully demonstrated a novel strategy for focused disease-specific transcriptome analysis, which provides a feasible option for identifying disease-specific exosome biomarkers for detecting non-small lung cancer.

从癌细胞分泌的外泌体货物与肿瘤的发展和进展有关。丰富临床相关的组织特异性外泌体可能有助于集中分析癌症期间包装的 RNA 分子。因此，本研究利用快速免疫磁性富集方法从人血浆中靶向分离肺癌细胞来源的外泌体，然后使用高通量测序分析其货物 RNA。从这些免疫磁性富集的外泌体中纯化的总 RNA 提供了足够的 RNA 质量，可通过 Illumina 平台进行表征。在患者和健康对照之间进行了差异表达分析，以研究肺癌期间外泌体 RNA 谱的改变。更远，使用已识别的差异表达基因 (DEG) 列表进行功能富集分析。总共有 1383 个 mRNA 和 64 个 lncRNA 被鉴定为在患者血浆外泌体与健康对照之间差异表达（倍数变化 > 2，P < 0.05）。京都基因与基因组百科全书 (KEGG) 通路分析显示，DEGs 主要与癌症相关通路、嘌呤代谢、钙和 cGMP-PKG 信号通路相关。总之，所提出的方法成功地展示了一种针对疾病特异性转录组分析的新策略，它为识别疾病特异性外泌体生物标志物以检测非小细胞肺癌提供了可行的选择。与健康对照相比，1383 种 mRNA 和 64 种 lncRNA 在患者血浆外泌体之间被鉴定为差异表达（倍数变化 > 2，P < 0.05）。京都基因与基因组百科全书 (KEGG) 通路分析显示，DEGs 主要与癌症相关通路、嘌呤代谢、钙和 cGMP-PKG 信号通路相关。总之，所提出的方法成功地展示了一种针对疾病特异性转录组分析的新策略，它为识别疾病特异性外泌体生物标志物以检测非小细胞肺癌提供了可行的选择。与健康对照相比，1383 种 mRNA 和 64 种 lncRNA 在患者血浆外泌体之间被鉴定为差异表达（倍数变化 > 2，P < 0.05）。京都基因与基因组百科全书 (KEGG) 通路分析显示，DEGs 主要与癌症相关通路、嘌呤代谢、钙和 cGMP-PKG 信号通路相关。总之，所提出的方法成功地展示了一种针对疾病特异性转录组分析的新策略，它为识别疾病特异性外泌体生物标志物以检测非小细胞肺癌提供了可行的选择。钙和 cGMP-PKG 信号通路。总之，所提出的方法成功地展示了一种针对疾病特异性转录组分析的新策略，它为识别疾病特异性外泌体生物标志物以检测非小细胞肺癌提供了可行的选择。钙和 cGMP-PKG 信号通路。总之，所提出的方法成功地展示了一种针对疾病特异性转录组分析的新策略，它为识别疾病特异性外泌体生物标志物以检测非小细胞肺癌提供了可行的选择。