This article examines the debates within the French Ligue des Droits de l'Homme on the adoption in 1936 of a Complément (Complement) to the 1789 Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen. The Ligue questioned the relevance of the 1789 Declaration when social dislocation, economic distress and fascism challenged democracy. New rights, principally the ‘right to life’ (droit à la vie), the fundamental right from which all others flowed, were pronounced. The article examines the values and principles informing the Complément to address why a declaration of new rights was seen as a proper response to these crises. Aspirations for a radical transformation of the social, political and economic order were expressed in a genre and a language of rights deeply embedded in French history. The Complément continued the work of 1789, assuming a form through which this transformation could be imagined.

本文审视了法国Ligue des Droits de l'Homme内部关于 1936 年通过对 1789 年人权和公民权利宣言的补充（补充）的辩论。当社会混乱、经济困难和法西斯主义挑战民主时，联盟质疑 1789年宣言的相关性。宣布了新的权利，主要是“生命权”（droit à la vie），这是所有其他权利的基本权利。这篇文章考察了告知Complément 的价值观和原则解决为什么宣布新权利被视为对这些危机的适当回应。对社会、政治和经济秩序进行彻底变革的愿望以一种深深植根于法国历史的权利类型和语言表达出来。Complément延续了 1789 年的工作，采用了一种可以想象这种转变的形式。