Abstract

The Western Caspian Sea is a traditional zone of pastoral animal husbandry based on natural fodder lands. Intensive and unsystematic use of bioresources of sandy pastures in the 1980s led to the formation of the first man-made desert in Europe. For more than 35 years, programs aimed at curbing the processes of desertification of the territory have been implemented on the territory of the Republic of Kalmykia. This article discusses some of the results of the implementation of programs to combat desertification. Data are given on the scale of phytomeliorative measures carried out over the past 35 years in three constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The achieved results are analyzed and their shortcomings are noted. Measures are proposed that will help to overcome further degradation of the territory and improve the pasture economy of Kalmykia.

中文翻译：

---

黑土和基兹利亚尔牧场荒漠化防治项目实施的一些成果

摘要

西里海是一个以天然饲料地为基础的传统畜牧业区。20 世纪 80 年代，对沙质牧场生物资源的集约化和非系统化利用导致了欧洲第一个人造沙漠的形成。35 年来，旨在遏制领土荒漠化进程的方案一直在卡尔梅克共和国领土上实施。本文讨论了执行防治荒漠化计划的一些成果。提供了过去 35 年来在俄罗斯联邦的三个组成实体中实施的植物改良措施规模的数据。分析了取得的成果，指出了不足之处。