Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the world's leading causes of cardiovascular death. Recent studies have reported the influence of the genes caveolin-3 (CAV3), suppression of tumorigenicity 2, and growth differentiating factor-15 in cardiovascular diseases, especially myocardial infarction, but their role and function remain unclear. Hence, this study was designed to evaluate the expression levels of these three genes in AMI and understanding the role of CAV-3 in the pathogenesis of AMI. Methods and Results: Blood samples were collected from 50 AMI patients and 50 non-AMI controls in this cross-sectional study. Relative expression levels of the three genes were performed using real-time PCR. Bioinformatics tools were used for functional gene enrichment and protein-protein interactions. CAV-3 was significantly upregulated among AMI patients compared to controls. In silico analyses identified CAV-3 as playing critical roles in smooth muscle contraction, cardiac conduction, and calcium-mediated transport via binding with essential proteins including dysferlin and annexins Conclusion: This study is a first of its kind, reporting an upregulation of CAV-3 in AMI patients. The expression of all three genes significantly influenced the systolic function of the heart in AMI patients. A more in-depth understanding of CAV-3 in the pathophysiology of AMI is essential and it may prove to be a novel.

中文翻译：

---

Caveolin-3、致瘤性抑制 2 和生长分化因子 15 基因的差异表达及其与急性心肌梗死的关联：泰米尔纳德邦一家多专科医院的横断面研究。

背景：急性心肌梗死 (AMI) 是世界上导致心血管死亡的主要原因之一。最近的研究报道了基因 caveolin-3 (CAV3)、致瘤性抑制 2 和生长分化因子 15 在心血管疾病，尤其是心肌梗死中的影响，但它们的作用和功能仍不清楚。因此，本研究旨在评估这三种基因在 AMI 中的表达水平，并了解 CAV-3 在 AMI 发病机制中的作用。方法和结果：在这项横断面研究中，采集了 50 名 AMI 患者和 50 名非 AMI 对照者的血样。三个基因的相对表达水平使用实时PCR进行。生物信息学工具被用于功能基因富集和蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用。与对照组相比，CAV-3 在 AMI 患者中显着上调。计算机分析确定 CAV-3 通过与包括 dysferlin 和膜联蛋白在内的必需蛋白质结合，在平滑肌收缩、心脏传导和钙介导的转运中发挥关键作用3 AMI患者。这三种基因的表达都显着影响了 AMI 患者的心脏收缩功能。更深入地了解 AMI 病理生理学中的 CAV-3 是必不可少的，它可能被证明是一种新的。通过与包括 dysferlin 和膜联蛋白在内的必需蛋白质结合来介导钙转运 这三种基因的表达都显着影响了 AMI 患者的心脏收缩功能。更深入地了解 AMI 病理生理学中的 CAV-3 是必不可少的，它可能被证明是一种新的。通过与包括 dysferlin 和膜联蛋白在内的必需蛋白质结合来介导钙转运 这三种基因的表达都显着影响了 AMI 患者的心脏收缩功能。更深入地了解 AMI 病理生理学中的 CAV-3 是必不可少的，它可能被证明是一种新的。