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Mutations in Classical Signaling Pathways and Their Functional Impact in Microsatellite Instability High Colorectal Cancer.
Genetic Testing and Molecular Biomarkers ( IF 1.4 ) Pub Date : 2023-03-01 , DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2022.0118
Shanshan Shi 1 , Yuxi Gong 1 , Xiao Li 1 , Ying Ding 1 , Guoxin Song 1 , Haiyan Liu 2 , Zhihong Zhang 1
Affiliation  

Aims: Colorectal carcinomas with microsatellite instability high (MSI-H) are a distinctive group among colorectal cancers (CRCs). This study investigated the mutations of genes in the common signaling pathways and their potential clinical implications in MSI-H CRC. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five MSI-H tumors were selected from 384 primary CRCs, and the related clinical and pathological information were also collected from medical records. A commercial kit was used to detect the mutational status of crucial oncogenes within these tumors using next generation sequencing (NGS). Fluorescence in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry were used to validate the NGS findings. Result: In the present study, MSI-H cases accounted for 6.51% of primary CRCs, with special clinicopathological features. NGS showed that the average number of mutations per tumor in the target genes evaluated was 3.36 and ranged from 1 to 9. In total, there were 17 cases (68%) with mutations in the RAS-RAF pathway and 18 cases (72%) with mutations in the PI3K pathway among the MSI-H CRCs. The remaining two cases included an EMAP Like 4-ALK Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (EML4-ALK) fusion and one with a Erb-B2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase 2 (ERBB2) missense mutation. Conclusion: This study found multiple variants within different signaling pathways that were mutually present in MSI-H CRCs, suggesting that such a heterogeneous group of tumors requires complex treatment responses. Thus, additional clinical molecular testing is recommended for such patients, such as NGS, to inform the appropriate treatment strategies.

中文翻译:

经典信号通路的突变及其对微卫星不稳定性高结直肠癌的功能影响。

目的:具有高微卫星不稳定性的结直肠癌 (MSI-H) 是结直肠癌 (CRC) 中的一个独特群体。本研究调查了常见信号通路中的基因突变及其在 MSI-H CRC 中的潜在临床意义。材料与方法:从384例原发性CRC中选取25例MSI-H肿瘤,并从病历中收集相关临床和病理资料。使用商业试剂盒使用下一代测序 (NGS) 检测这些肿瘤中关键致癌基因的突变状态。荧光原位杂交和免疫组织化学用于验证 NGS 的发现。结果:本研究中MSI-H病例占原发性CRC的6.51%,具有特殊的临床病理特征。NGS显示,评估的靶基因中每个肿瘤的平均突变数为3.36,范围为1至9。总共有17例(68%)在RAS-RAF通路发生突变,18例(72%)发生突变MSI-H CRC 中 PI3K 通路突变。其余两个案例包括 EMAP 样 4-ALK 受体酪氨酸激酶 (EML4-ALK) 融合和一个带有 Erb-B2 受体酪氨酸激酶 2 (ERBB2) 错义突变。结论:本研究发现 MSI-H CRC 中相互存在的不同信号通路中的多个变体,表明这种异质性肿瘤组需要复杂的治疗反应。因此,建议对此类患者进行额外的临床分子检测,例如 NGS,以告知适当的治疗策略。36个,范围从1到9。总共有17例(68%)在MSI-H CRC中具有RAS-RAF通路突变,18例(72%)具有PI3K通路突变。其余两个案例包括 EMAP 样 4-ALK 受体酪氨酸激酶 (EML4-ALK) 融合和一个带有 Erb-B2 受体酪氨酸激酶 2 (ERBB2) 错义突变。结论:本研究发现 MSI-H CRC 中相互存在的不同信号通路中的多个变体,表明这种异质性肿瘤组需要复杂的治疗反应。因此,建议对此类患者进行额外的临床分子检测,例如 NGS,以告知适当的治疗策略。36个,范围从1到9。总共有17例(68%)在MSI-H CRC中具有RAS-RAF通路突变,18例(72%)具有PI3K通路突变。其余两个案例包括 EMAP 样 4-ALK 受体酪氨酸激酶 (EML4-ALK) 融合和一个带有 Erb-B2 受体酪氨酸激酶 2 (ERBB2) 错义突变。结论:本研究发现 MSI-H CRC 中相互存在的不同信号通路中的多个变体,表明这种异质性肿瘤组需要复杂的治疗反应。因此,建议对此类患者进行额外的临床分子检测,例如 NGS,以告知适当的治疗策略。其余两个案例包括 EMAP 样 4-ALK 受体酪氨酸激酶 (EML4-ALK) 融合和一个带有 Erb-B2 受体酪氨酸激酶 2 (ERBB2) 错义突变。结论:本研究发现 MSI-H CRC 中相互存在的不同信号通路中的多个变体,表明这种异质性肿瘤组需要复杂的治疗反应。因此,建议对此类患者进行额外的临床分子检测,例如 NGS,以告知适当的治疗策略。其余两个案例包括 EMAP 样 4-ALK 受体酪氨酸激酶 (EML4-ALK) 融合和一个带有 Erb-B2 受体酪氨酸激酶 2 (ERBB2) 错义突变。结论:本研究发现 MSI-H CRC 中相互存在的不同信号通路中的多个变体,表明这种异质性肿瘤组需要复杂的治疗反应。因此,建议对此类患者进行额外的临床分子检测,例如 NGS,以告知适当的治疗策略。表明这样一组异质性肿瘤需要复杂的治疗反应。因此,建议对此类患者进行额外的临床分子检测,例如 NGS,以告知适当的治疗策略。表明这样一组异质性肿瘤需要复杂的治疗反应。因此,建议对此类患者进行额外的临床分子检测,例如 NGS,以告知适当的治疗策略。
更新日期:2023-03-01
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