In the coming years, major governance changes in the form of policy directives and regulations will catalyse major top-down change with respect to animal health on European farms in an effort to combat the OneHealth threat of antimicrobial resistance. This top-down approach must be met with bottom-up strategies to ensure target actors (namely, farmers and vets) are supported and motivated to change their practices, thus, avoiding unintended consequences of forced change. Although much behavioural research has explored the factors influencing antimicrobial practices on farms, a gap exists translating these findings into evidence-based behaviour change interventions that can be put into practice. The current study aims to fill this gap. It provides insights into identifying, understanding, and changing the behaviours of farmers and veterinarians with respect to the responsible use of antimicrobials in farming. Through an inter-disciplinary and multi-actor approach, the study combines scientific knowledge from the behavioural sciences and animal health sciences, coupled with tacit knowledge from a co-design, participatory approach to recommend seven behaviour change interventions that can help to support good practices amongst farmers and vets, with respect to animal health, and reduce the use of antimicrobials on farms. The behaviour change interventions include message framing; OneHealth awareness campaign; specialised communications training; on-farm visual prompts and tools; social support strategies (for both farmers and vets); and antimicrobial use monitoring. The study details each intervention with respect to their evidence base and scientific concept, grounded in behavioural science, along with stakeholder feedback on design and delivery of the interventions. These behaviour change interventions can be taken, adapted, and put into practice by the agri-food community to support good animal health practices and responsible antimicrobial use on farms.

中文翻译：

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在农场负责任地使用抗生素的行为改变干预措施

在未来几年，以政策指令和法规形式出现的重大治理变革将促进欧洲农场动物健康方面的重大自上而下变革，以努力应对 OneHealth 的抗菌素耐药性威胁。这种自上而下的方法必须与自下而上的策略相结合，以确保目标参与者（即农民和兽医）得到支持并有动力改变他们的做法，从而避免强制改变的意外后果。尽管许多行为研究探索了影响农场抗菌做法的因素，但将这些发现转化为可付诸实践的基于证据的行为改变干预措施仍存在差距。目前的研究旨在填补这一空白。它提供了识别、理解、改变农民和兽医在农业中负责任地使用抗菌素方面的行为。通过跨学科和多参与者的方法，该研究结合了行为科学和动物健康科学的科学知识，以及来自共同设计、参与式方法的隐性知识，推荐了七种有助于支持良好实践的行为改变干预措施在农民和兽医中，在动物健康方面，减少在农场使用抗生素。行为改变干预措施包括消息框架；OneHealth 意识运动；专门的通信培训；农场视觉提示和工具；社会支持策略（针对农民和兽医）；和抗菌药物使用监测。该研究详细说明了每项干预措施的证据基础和科学概念，以行为科学为基础，以及利益相关者对干预措施设计和实施的反馈。这些行为改变干预措施可以由农业食品界采取、调整和付诸实践，以支持良好的动物健康实践和负责任的抗生素在农场的使用。