Existing studies have examined only the unidirectional impact of cultural diversity on the economic performance of countries, regions, and cities, not the other ways. They have assumed the diversity as given, while it may also grow, due to in-migration of workers and entrepreneurs, with economic growth and may be dependent on it. This paper models diversity and economic growth in a bi-directional causal frame and demonstrates that economic growth has a substantial impact on religious, language, and overall cultural diversities in the major states of India. However, the Granger causality between economic growth to language diversity and overall cultural diversity is found to be stronger and more widespread across the states than the causality from economic growth to religious diversity. The findings of this paper may have significant theoretical and empirical implications, as mainly the unidirectional way the impact of cultural diversity on economic growth has been advocated and the empirical studies have been modelled to date.

现有研究仅考察文化多样性对国家、地区和城市经济绩效的单向影响，而没有考察其他方面。他们假设多样性是既定的，但由于工人和企业家的移民，随着经济的增长，多样性也可能会增长，并且可能依赖于它。本文在双向因果框架中对多样性和经济增长进行了建模，并证明经济增长对印度主要邦的宗教、语言和整体文化多样性具有重大影响。然而，经济增长与语言多样性和整体文化多样性之间的格兰杰因果关系被发现在各州之间比经济增长与宗教多样性之间的因果关系更强、更广泛。本文的研究结果可能具有重要的理论和实证意义，因为迄今为止主要提倡文化多样性对经济增长的影响的单向方式，并且实证研究已经建模。