How the relative impacts of anthropogenic pressures on the natural environment vary between different taxonomic groups, habitats, and geographic regions is increasingly well established. By contrast, the times of day at which those pressures are most forcefully exerted or have greatest influence are not well understood. The impact on the nighttime environment bears particular scrutiny, given that for practical reasons (e.g., researchers themselves belong to a diurnal species), most studies on the impacts of anthropogenic pressures are conducted during the daytime on organisms that are predominantly day active or in ways that do not differentiate between daytime and nighttime. In the present article, we synthesize the current state of knowledge of impacts of anthropogenic pressures on the nighttime environment, highlighting key findings and examples. The evidence available suggests that the nighttime environment is under intense stress across increasing areas of the world, especially from nighttime pollution, climate change, and overexploitation of resources.

中文翻译：

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夜间环境的人为变化

人为压力对自然环境的相对影响如何在不同的分类群、栖息地和地理区域之间变化，这一点越来越明确。相比之下，一天中这些压力最强烈或影响最大的时间并不清楚。鉴于实际原因（例如，研究人员本身属于昼夜物种），大多数关于人为压力影响的研究都是在白天对主要白天活动或以某种方式活动的生物体进行的，因此对夜间环境的影响需要特别审查不区分白天和黑夜。在本文中，我们综合了人为压力对夜间环境影响的当前知识状态，突出主要发现和示例。现有证据表明，夜间环境在世界上越来越多的地区承受着巨大压力，尤其是来自夜间污染、气候变化和资源过度开发的压力。