Grid integration of renewable energy (REN) requires efficient and reliable power conversion stages, particularly with an increasing demand for high controllability and flexibility seen from the grid side. Underpinned by advanced control and information technologies, power electronics converters play an essential role in large-scale REN generation. However, the use of power converters has also exposed several challenges in conventional power grids, e.g., reducing the system inertia. In this article, grid integration using power electronics is presented for large-scale REN generation. Technical issues and requirements are discussed with a special focus on grid-connected wind, solar photovoltaic, and energy storage systems. In addition, the core of the energy generation and conversion—control for individual power converters (e.g., general current control) and for the system level (e.g., coordinated operation of large-scale energy systems)—is briefly discussed. Future research perspectives are then presented, which further advance large-scale REN generation technologies by incorporating more power electronics systems.

中文翻译：

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用于大规模可再生能源发电的电力电子技术

可再生能源 (REN) 的并网需要高效可靠的功率转换级，尤其是在电网侧对高可控性和灵活性的需求不断增加的情况下。在先进的控制和信息技术的支持下，电力电子转换器在大规模可再生能源发电中发挥着至关重要的作用。然而，功率转换器的使用也暴露了传统电网中的若干挑战，例如降低系统惯性。在本文中，针对大规模 REN 发电提出了使用电力电子技术的电网整合。讨论了技术问题和要求，特别关注并网风能、太阳能光伏和储能系统。此外，能量产生和转换的核心——对单个功率转换器的控制（例如，一般电流控制）和系统级（例如，大规模能源系统的协调运行）——进行了简要讨论。然后提出了未来的研究前景，通过整合更多的电力电子系统进一步推进大规模 REN 发电技术。