OBJECTIVE To examine longitudinal associations between exposure to two types of advertisements (medical/recreational cannabis and e-cigarette retailers [vape shops]) and young adults' cannabis and nicotine vaping behavior. Positive and negative expectancies for cannabis and vaping nicotine were examined as mediators of these associations. METHOD Secondary analysis of observational data from a longitudinal cohort of young adults recruited from Southern California (Wave 13: N = 2,411, 56% female, Mage = 23.6). Participants completed web-based surveys annually, reporting on advertising exposure in 2018, expectancies in 2019, and cannabis and nicotine vaping in 2020. Two path models were specified: (a) of past-month cannabis vaping only, nicotine vaping only, and co-use (vs. no vaping) and (b) of single product vaping (vs. co-use). Path analyses modeled direct and indirect associations between variables. RESULTS Controlling for past-month cannabis and nicotine use and other covariates, there were no significant direct associations of advertising exposure with cannabis and/or nicotine vaping. However, the association between cannabis advertising exposure and vaping (cannabis only) was significantly mediated by positive cannabis expectancies (β = 0.02, SE = 0.01, p = .03). Among those who vaped cannabis and/or nicotine in the past month at Wave 13, expectancies did not significantly mediate associations between advertising exposure and single product use (vs. co-use). CONCLUSIONS Although exposure to cannabis advertisements may not be directly associated with young adults' cannabis vaping 2 years later, the effects of advertising exposure may be exerted indirectly by increasing positive beliefs about cannabis. Implications for public health policy are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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检查广告曝光对年轻人吸食大麻和尼古丁电子烟的间接影响。

目的 研究接触两种类型广告（医疗/娱乐大麻和电子烟零售商 [电子烟商店]）与年轻人吸食大麻和尼古丁电子烟行为之间的纵向关联。对大麻和电子烟尼古丁的积极和消极预期作为这些关联的中介因素进行了研究。方法 对从南加州招募的年轻人纵向队列的观察数据进行二次分析（第 13 波：N = 2,411，56% 女性，Mage = 23.6）。参与者每年完成基于网络的调查，报告 2018 年的广告曝光、2019 年的预期以及 2020 年的大麻和尼古丁电子烟。指定了两种路径模型：(a) 过去一个月仅吸大麻、仅吸尼古丁，以及-使用（与不吸电子烟相比）和（b）单一产品电子烟（与共同使用相比）。路径分析模拟了变量之间的直接和间接关联。结果控制过去一个月的大麻和尼古丁使用以及其他协变量，广告曝光与大麻和/或尼古丁电子烟没有显着的直接关联。然而，大麻广告曝光与电子烟（仅限大麻）之间的关联很大程度上是由大麻的积极预期介导的（β = 0.02，SE = 0.01，p = .03）。在过去一个月第 13 波吸食大麻和/或尼古丁的人群中，预期并未显着调节广告曝光与单一产品使用（与共同使用）之间的关联。结论 虽然接触大麻广告可能与两年后年轻人吸食大麻没有直接关系，但广告接触的影响可能通过增加对大麻的积极信念而间接产生。讨论了对公共卫生政策的影响。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2023 APA，保留所有权利）。