There is a train of thought that lipid therapies may delay or limit the impact of neuronal loss and poor patient outcomes of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). A variety of medicines including lipid lowering modifiers (LLMs) are prescribed in NDDs. This paper summarizes the findings of clinical and observational trials including systematic reviews and meta-analyses relating to LLM use in NDDs published in the last 15 years thus providing an up-to-date evidence pool. Three databases were searched PubMed, CINAHL, and Web of Science using key terms relating to the review question. The findings confirm the benefit of LLMs in hyperlipidemic patients with or without cardiovascular risk factors due to their pleotropic effects. In NDDs LLMs are proposed to delay disease onset and slow the rate of progression. Clinical observations show that LLMs protect neurons from α-synuclein, tau, and Aβ toxicity, activation of inflammatory processes, and ultimately oxidative injury. Moreover, current meta-analyses and clinical trials indicated low rates of adverse events with LLMs when used as monotherapy. LLMs appear to have favorable safety and tolerability profiles with few patients stopping treatment due to severe adverse effects. Our collated evidence thus concludes that LLMs have a role in NDDs but further work is needed to understand the exact mechanism of action and reach more robust conclusions on where and when it is appropriate to use LLMs in NDDs in the clinic.

中文翻译：

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降脂药物治疗神经退行性疾病的有效性和安全性综述

有一系列观点认为，脂质疗法可能会延迟或限制神经元损失和神经退行性疾病 (NDD) 患者不良预后的影响。NDD 中开有多种药物，包括降脂调节剂 (LLM)。本文总结了临床和观察性试验的结果，包括过去 15 年发表的与 NDD 中 LLM 使用相关的系统评价和荟萃分析，从而提供了最新的证据库。使用与评论问题相关的关键术语检索了 PubMed、CINAHL 和 Web of Science 三个数据库。研究结果证实了法学硕士由于其多效性作用而对有或没有心血管危险因素的高脂血症患者有益。在 NDD 中，法学硕士被建议延迟疾病发作并减缓进展速度。临床观察表明，LLM 可以保护神经元免受 α-突触核蛋白、tau 和 Aβ 毒性、炎症过程激活以及最终的氧化损伤。此外，当前的荟萃分析和临床试验表明，LLM 作为单一疗法时不良事件发生率较低。法学硕士似乎具有良好的安全性和耐受性，很少有患者因严重不良反应而停止治疗。因此，我们整理的证据得出结论，法学硕士在 NDD 中发挥作用，但需要进一步的工作来了解确切的作用机制，并就临床上何时何地适合在 NDD 中使用法学硕士得出更可靠的结论。