PNO1 (Dim2 or Rrp2 or YOR145), a highly conserved regulator of ribosome assembly from yeast to mammals, is involved in forming the 90S pre-ribosome and plays an essential role in the late stage of 40S small subunit maturation. Recent studies have found that PNO1 is involved in the progression of a variety of tumors and is highly expressed in colorectal, lung, esophageal, glioma, and breast cancer and is associated with poor prognosis. In tumors, PNO1 mainly promotes cell proliferation, invasion, and autophagy and inhibits apoptosis by regulating the P53 pathway, FAK/AKT pathway, Notch signaling pathway, and MAPK signaling pathway. The high expression of PNO1 in various tumors may be reduced by the regulation of early B cell factor 1 (EBF1), transcription factor MYC, miR-340-5p, and the drug celecoxib inhibiting tumor proliferation, invasion and migration, and autophagy, promoting apoptosis. This article reviews the structure and function of PNO1, related molecular pathways, and its regulatory role in tumor formation and discusses its possibility as a molecular target for tumor therapy.

PNO1（Dim2 或 Rrp2 或 YOR145）是一种高度保守的核糖体组装调节剂，从酵母到哺乳动物，参与形成 90S 前核糖体，并在 40S 小亚基成熟后期发挥重要作用。近期研究发现PNO1参与多种肿瘤的进展，在结直肠癌、肺癌、食管癌、神经胶质瘤和乳腺癌中高表达，与不良预后相关。在肿瘤中，PNO1主要通过调控P53通路、FAK/AKT通路、Notch信号通路和MAPK信号通路促进细胞增殖、侵袭和自噬，抑制细胞凋亡。PNO1在多种肿瘤中的高表达可能通过早期B细胞因子1（EBF1）、转录因子MYC、miR-340-5p和抑制肿瘤增殖的药物塞来昔布的调控而降低，侵袭和迁移以及自噬，促进细胞凋亡。本文综述了PNO1的结构和功能、相关分子通路及其在肿瘤形成中的调控作用，并探讨了其作为肿瘤治疗分子靶点的可能性。