In the face of technological advancements, flexibilization and boundaryless work have become integral parts of modern occupational settings. Simultaneously, current research indicates a considerable increase in presenteeism—the behaviour of working while sick. Meta-analytic findings indicate two main drivers for presenteeism: a high work motivation and an impaired state of health and psychological well-being. Research on flexibilization and boundaryless work shows that these job conditions enhance employees' work motivation but also impair employees' health. Based on conservation of resources theory and Miraglia and John's (J Occupational Health Psychol, 21, 2016, 261) dual-path model on antecedents of presenteeism, we investigate how both job conditions affect attendance behaviour (absenteeism and presenteeism) via motivation and well-being by conducting a weekly diary study over the course of 9 weeks. In total, 284 people provided data on flexibilization, boundaryless work, flow experience, well-being, absenteeism and presenteeism (N = 2284 week-level). Multilevel mediational analyses revealed that flexibilization prevents presenteeism, whereas boundaryless work can increase presenteeism. The results further revealed support for the health impairment path at the within-person and between-person levels whereas the motivational path was not supported at the within-person level. Our results offer several theoretical and practical implications for how modern work shape attendance behaviour.

中文翻译：

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现代工作环境如何塑造出勤行为：关于每周灵活性、无边界工作和出勤主义的纵向研究

面对技术进步，灵活性和无边界工作已成为现代职业环境不可或缺的一部分。同时，当前的研究表明，出勤率（带病工作的行为）大幅增加。荟萃分析结果表明，出勤率有两个主要驱动因素：高工作动机以及健康和心理健康状况受损。对弹性化和无边界工作的研究表明，这些工作条件增强了员工的工作积极性，但也损害了员工的健康。基于资源节约理论以及 Miraglia 和 John 的理论（J 职业健康心理学，21，2016，261）关于出勤前因的双路径模型，我们通过进行为期 9 周的每周日记研究，调查两种工作条件如何通过动机和幸福感影响出勤行为（缺勤和出勤）。总共有 284 人提供了有关灵活性、无边界工作、流动体验、幸福感、缺勤和出勤率的数据 ( N = 2284 周级别）。多层次中介分析表明，灵活性可以防止出勤率，而无边界工作可以增加出勤率。结果进一步显示，在人内和人与人之间的层面上支持健康损害路径，而在人内部的层面上不支持激励路径。我们的研究结果为现代工作如何塑造出勤行为提供了一些理论和实践意义。