In this paper, we theoretically and empirically analyze the impact of competition on poverty. We consider a general equilibrium framework with vertical preferences and compare poverty in a Monopoly setting versus a Duopoly setting considering explicitly the ownership structure. Poverty is measured by the size of the population living below an absolute poverty line. Theoretical results show that the impact of competition on poverty is contingent to the ownership structure, the poverty line and the relative dispersion of the individuals with respect to their intensity of preference for quality and sensitivity to effort: competition can improve or worsen poverty depending on the model's parameters. Empirical findings for the three existing poverty lines ($1.9, $3.2, and $5.5) are consistent to a large extent with our theoretical results.

中文翻译：

---

加强竞争以减轻贫困？一般均衡模型和实证研究

在本文中，我们从理论上和实证上分析了竞争对贫困的影响。我们考虑具有纵向偏好的一般均衡框架，并比较垄断环境中的贫困与明确考虑所有权结构的双寡头环境中的贫困。贫困是通过生活在绝对贫困线以下的人口规模来衡量的。理论结果表明，竞争对贫困的影响取决于所有制结构、贫困线以及个人质量偏好强度和努力敏感度的相对离散程度：竞争可以改善或恶化贫困，具体取决于个人的质量偏好强度和努力敏感性。模型的参数。现有的三个贫困线（1.9 美元、3.2 美元和 5.5 美元）的实证结果在很大程度上与我们的理论结果一致。