ABSTRACT

Prior research has highlighted persistent racial/ethnic disparities in employment and workforce engagement. That said, this research has yet to be extended to justice-involved youth. This is problematic, given that this is a population that may already face barriers to employment and certain racial/ethnic minority groups may then face additional barriers. This study sought to address this gap in the literature by examining whether or not racial/ethnic disparities in employment exist among justice-involved youth and whether these disparities vary across time since adjudication. The first seven waves of the Pathways to Desistance study were analyzed. Mixed effects modeling was used to examine whether or not racial/ethnic disparities in odds of past-year employment existed among justice-involved youth and whether these disparities were stable or variant across time. Results indicated that Black justice-involved youth reported lower odds of past-year employment compared to White and Latinx justice-involved youth. These disparities were also found to be stable across time. These results indicate that Black justice-involved youth should be a priority population for targeting with programming to improve employment prospects. Mentoring and skills development programs may be helpful in this regard.

摘要

先前的研究强调了就业和劳动力参与方面持续存在的种族/族裔差异。也就是说，这项研究尚未扩展到涉及司法的青年。这是有问题的，因为这是一个可能已经面临就业障碍的人群，而某些种族/族裔少数群体可能会面临额外的障碍。本研究试图通过检查参与司法的青年中是否存在就业方面的种族/族裔差异，以及这些差异是否在判决后随时间变化而变化，来解决文献中的这一差距。分析了 Pathways to Desistance 研究的前七波。混合效应模型被用来检验涉及司法的青年在过去一年的就业几率方面是否存在种族/族裔差异，以及这些差异是稳定的还是随时间变化的。结果表明，与白人和拉丁裔司法青年相比，黑人司法青年报告的过去一年就业几率较低。还发现这些差异在整个时间范围内都是稳定的。这些结果表明，涉及黑人司法的青年应该是改善就业前景的计划的优先目标人群。指导和技能发展计划可能在这方面有所帮助。还发现这些差异在整个时间范围内都是稳定的。这些结果表明，涉及黑人司法的青年应该是改善就业前景的计划的优先目标人群。指导和技能发展计划可能在这方面有所帮助。还发现这些差异在整个时间范围内都是稳定的。这些结果表明，涉及黑人司法的青年应该是改善就业前景的计划的优先目标人群。指导和技能发展计划可能在这方面有所帮助。