Before their large-scale applications, it is necessary to understand the biological effects of nanomaterials. Although two-dimensional nanomaterials (2D NMs) molybdenum disulfide nanosheets (MoS₂ NSs) are promising in biomedical fields, the current knowledge regarding their toxicities is inadequate. Using apolipoprotein E deficient (ApoE^−/−) mice as a long-term exposure model, this study demonstrated that intravenous (i.v.) injection of MoS₂ NSs most accumulated in the liver and caused in situ hepatic damage. Histopathological examination indicated severe infiltration of inflammatory cells and irregular central veins in the MoS₂ NSs-treated mouse liver. Meanwhile, the overwhelming expressions of inflammatory cytokines, dyslipidemia, and dysregulated hepatic lipid metabolism implied the potential vascular toxicity of MoS₂ NSs. Indeed, our result supported that MoS₂ NSs exposure is highly associated with atherosclerotic progression. This study provided the first line of evidence on the vascular toxicity of MoS₂ NSs, which remind scientists to pay attention to the rational use of MoS₂ NSs, especially in the biomedical fields.

在大规模应用之前，有必要了解纳米材料的生物学效应。尽管二维纳米材料 (2D NMs) 二硫化钼纳米片 (MoS ₂ NSs) 在生物医学领域很有前途，但目前对其毒性的了解还不够。本研究使用载脂蛋白 E 缺陷 (ApoE ^−/− ) 小鼠作为长期暴露模型，证明静脉内 ( iv ) 注射 MoS ₂ NSs 最多会在肝脏中累积并导致原位肝损伤。组织病理学检查表明炎症细胞严重浸润，MoS _{2中央静脉不规则}NSs 处理的小鼠肝脏。同时，炎性细胞因子、血脂异常和肝脏脂质代谢失调的压倒性表达暗示了 MoS ₂ NSs 的潜在血管毒性。事实上，我们的结果支持 MoS ₂ NSs 暴露与动脉粥样硬化进展高度相关。_{该研究提供了关于MoS 2} NSs血管毒性的第一线证据，提醒科学家注意MoS ₂ NSs的合理使用，尤其是在生物医学领域。