Addressing climate change and achieving sustainable development are the grand challenges for this century. This review assesses how sustainability and green jobs are changing in response to these formidable challenges, with a focus on energy transitions and responsible production and consumption. The energy transition to renewable sources will generate a net increase in employment, although some regions of the world may see net losses. Jobs in responsible consumption and production, motivated by changing consumer demand and savings from circular economy strategies, will increase the number of green and sustainability jobs. Since sustainability and green jobs require higher levels of creative problem-solving, more nonroutine activities, formal education, and on-the-job training than traditional jobs, more training will be necessary to meet skills demands in green and sustainability positions. We review how competency and capacity approaches to learning, credentialing, and on-the-job training have been employed to meet growing demand for sustainability and green jobs.

中文翻译：

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可持续发展职业

应对气候变化、实现可持续发展是本世纪面临的重大挑战。本次审查评估了可持续性和绿色就业如何变化以应对这些艰巨的挑战，重点是能源转型和负责任的生产和消费。向可再生能源的能源转型将带来就业净增长，尽管世界某些地区可能会出现净损失。在不断变化的消费者需求和循环经济战略节省的推动下，负责任的消费和生产领域的就业机会将增加绿色和可持续就业岗位的数量。由于可持续发展和绿色工作比传统工作需要更高水平的创造性解决问题、更多的非常规活动、正规教育和在职培训，因此需要更多的培训来满足绿色和可持续发展职位的技能需求。我们回顾了如何采用学习、认证和在职培训的能力和能力方法来满足对可持续发展和绿色工作日益增长的需求。