ABSTRACT

This review of 17 prevention-related publications in Eating Disorders during 2022 is framed by three models: (1) Mental Health Intervention Spectrum: health promotion ➔ types of prevention ➔ case identification/referral ➔ treatment; (2) the prevention cycle: rationale and theory, shaped by critical reviews ➔ clarifying risk and protective factors ➔ program innovation and feasibility studies ➔ efficacy and effectiveness research ➔ program dissemination; and (3) definitions of and links between disordered eating (DE) and eating disorders (EDs). Five articles fell into the category of prevention rationale, theory, and critical analyses, while seven articles addressed risk factors (RFs) for various aspects of DE. Eating Disorders also published two pilot studies, two prevention efficacy trials, and one effectiveness study in 2022. One implication of the 17 articles reviewed is that RF research toward construction of selective and indicated prevention programs for diverse at-risk groups should address a broad range of factors beyond negative body image and internalization of beauty ideals. Another implication is that, to expand and improve current and forthcoming prevention programs, and to shape effective advocacy for prevention-oriented social policy, the field in general and Eating Disorders in particular need more scholarship in the form of critical reviews and meta-analyses, protective factor research, and case studies of multi-step activism at the local, state (province, region), and national levels.

摘要

这篇对 2022 年饮食失调中 17 篇与预防相关的出版物的审查由三个模型构成：（1）心理健康干预范围：健康促进 ➔ 预防类型 ➔ 病例识别/转诊 ➔ 治疗；(2) 预防周期：基本原理和理论，由批判性评论形成 ➔ 明确风险和保护因素 ➔ 项目创新和可行性研究 ➔ 功效和有效性研究 ➔ 项目传播；(3) 饮食失调 (DE) 和饮食失调 (ED) 的定义和联系。五篇文章属于预防原理、理论和批判性分析的范畴，而七篇文章涉及 DE 各个方面的风险因素 (RF)。饮食失调还在 2022 年发表了两项试点研究、两项预防功效试验和一项有效性研究。所审查的 17 篇文章的一个含义是，针对不同高危人群构建选择性和指示性预防计划的 RF 研究应解决广泛的因素超越负面的身体形象和美丽理想的内化。另一个含义是，为了扩大和改进当前和即将实施的预防计划，并形成对预防导向社会政策的有效宣传，一般领域，尤其是饮食失调领域需要更多的批判性评论和荟萃分析形式的奖学金，保护因素研究，以及地方、州（省、地区）和国家层面的多步行动主义案例研究。