At present, traditional magnetic field sensors have shortcomings such as large size, complex structure, poor anti-interference ability, and low sensitivity, which are limited in large-scale applications. The magneto-optical sensor has the characteristics of small size, high-integration, stable and reliable in extreme working environment and high sensitivity, which can effectively overcome the above defects and easier to convert it into application products. In this paper, we summarize the magneto-optical sensor based on different used materials, include magnetostrictive materials and magneto-optical materials. We analyzed the sensing mechanisms of these two magneto-optical sensors in detail. The characteristics, structure and performance of magneto-optical sensors are analyzed, the current research progress is summarized, the future development direction of magneto-optical sensors is proposed, and the challenges and development prospects of magneto-optical sensors are analyzed.

目前，传统磁场传感器存在体积大、结构复杂、抗干扰能力差、灵敏度低等缺点，限制了大规模应用。磁光传感器具有体积小、集成度高、极端工作环境稳定可靠、灵敏度高等特点，可有效克服上述缺陷，更易于转化为应用产品。在本文中，我们总结了基于不同使用材料的磁光传感器，包括磁致伸缩材料和磁光材料。我们详细分析了这两种磁光传感器的传感机制。分析了磁光传感器的特点、结构和性能，总结了目前的研究进展，