There is no sensitive and effective method to predict radiation-induced myocardial damage (RIMD). The aim of this study was to explore effective plasma biomarkers for early prediction of RIMD after radiotherapy (RT) in lung cancer patients and in a rat model. Biomarker levels were measured in plasma samples collected before and after thoracic RT from 17 lung cancer patients. For the animal model, a single radiation dose of 40 Gy was delivered to the cardiac apex of female Wistar rats. Control rats received sham irradiation (0 Gy). Dynamic plasma biomarker detection and histopathological analysis to confirm RIMD were performed in rats up to 6 months after RT. In lung cancer patients, the plasma caspase-3 concentration was significantly increased after thoracic RT (P = 0.0479), with increasing but nonsignificant trends observed for caspase-1, CCL2, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin-1β, and IL-6 (P > 0.05). Changes in caspase-3, VEGF, and IL-6 correlated significantly with mean heart dose (P < 0.05). In the RIMD rat model, caspase-1, caspase-3, CCl-2, VEGF, CCl-5, and TGF-β1 levels were significantly elevated in the first week post-RT (P < 0.05), which was earlier than pathological changes. Myocardial tissue of the RIMD rats also showed significant macrophage infiltration at 1 month (P < 0.01) and fibrosis at 6 months postradiation (P < 0.0001). Macrophage infiltration correlated significantly with plasma caspase-3, CCL2, CCL5, VEGF, and TGF-β1 levels from 3 weeks to 2 months post-RT. Increased plasma caspase-1, caspase-3, CCl-2, and VEGF levels were detected before RIMD-related pathological changes, indicating their clinical potential as biomarkers for early prediction of RIMD.

中文翻译：

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用于早期预测辐射引起的心肌损伤的血浆标记物。

目前尚无敏感有效的方法来预测辐射引起的心肌损伤（RIMD）。本研究的目的是探索有效的血浆生物标志物，用于肺癌患者和大鼠模型放疗 (RT) 后早期预测 RIMD。对 17 名肺癌患者进行胸部放疗前后收集的血浆样本中的生物标志物水平进行了测量。对于动物模型，将 40 Gy 的单次辐射剂量传递到雌性 Wistar 大鼠的心尖。对照大鼠接受假照射（0 Gy）。RT 后 6 个月内对大鼠进行动态血浆生物标志物检测和组织病理学分析以确认 RIMD。在肺癌患者中，胸部放疗后血浆 caspase-3 浓度显着升高 (P = 0.0479)，其中 caspase-1、CCL2、血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）、白介素-1β、IL-6（P > 0.05）。caspase-3、VEGF 和 IL-6 的变化与平均心脏剂量显着相关 (P < 0.05)。在RIMD大鼠模型中，RT后第1周，caspase-1、caspase-3、CCl-2、VEGF、CCl-5和TGF-β1水平显着升高（P < 0.05），早于病理模型。变化。RIMD大鼠的心肌组织在放射后1个月时也显示出明显的巨噬细胞浸润（P < 0.01），并且在放射后6个月时显示出明显的纤维化（P < 0.0001）。RT 后 3 周至 2 个月，巨噬细胞浸润与血浆 caspase-3、CCL2、CCL5、VEGF 和 TGF-β1 水平显着相关。在出现 RIMD 相关病理变化之前检测到血浆 caspase-1、caspase-3、CCl-2 和 VEGF 水平升高，