Trypanosomiasis is a complex of diseases caused by a haemoprotozoan parasite of medical and veterinary importance. One of the leading factors that cause morbidity and death in trypanosomiasis is oxidative stress. The oxidative stress biomarkers in trypanosomiasis at the subacute and chronic stages of infection were investigated in this study. A total of twenty-four Wistar rats were used; the animals were placed in two groups: group A (subacute and chronic) and group B (control). The weight and body temperature of the experimental animals were determined using a digital weighing balance and thermometer. A hematology analyzer was used to determine the erythrocyte indices. Spectrophotometry was used to estimate enzyme (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione) activities in the serum, kidney, and liver of experimental animals. Liver, kidney, and spleen were harvested and analyzed for histological changes. The mean body weight of the infected decreased compared to the control (). The mean body temperature of infected individuals increased (35–37°C) compared to the control (). The erythrocyte indices of the infected and control groups indicate a significant decrease (). In erythrocyte indices, only MCHC indicated a nonsignificant decrease (). The SOD of serum shows a significant increase (), and no significant increase SOD () in kidney and the liver SOD indicates a significant decrease (). The serum, kidney, and liver show a significant increase () in CAT. The serum GSH from the findings indicates a nonsignificant increase (), and the kidney and liver GSH shows a significant increase (). The correlation analysis for SOD shows nonsignificant negative correlation for serum/kidney, and the serum/liver and kidney/liver show significant positive correlation. The result of CAT shows significant correlations for serum and kidney, serum and liver, and kidney/liver with a positive correlation. The GSH result shows no significant negative correlation for serum/kidney and no significant positive correlation for serum/liver and kidney/liver. The histological damage in the kidney, liver, and spleen was much higher in the chronic stage than in the subacute stage and no tissue damage in the control group. In conclusion, subacute and chronic stage trypanosome infection is associated with changes in hematological indices, antioxidants of the liver, spleen and kidney, and histological architecture.

中文翻译：

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布氏锥虫感染的 Wistar 大鼠（褐家鼠）亚急性期和慢性期感染氧化应激的红细胞、酶学和组织学标志物

锥虫病是由具有医学和兽医重要性的血液原生动物寄生虫引起的一组疾病。导致锥虫病发病和死亡的主要因素之一是氧化应激。本研究调查了锥虫病在亚急性和慢性感染阶段的氧化应激生物标志物。总共使用了二十四只 Wistar 大鼠；将动物分成两组：A组（亚急性和慢性）和B组（对照）。使用数字天平和温度计测定实验动物的体重和体温。使用血液分析仪测定红细胞指数。分光光度法用于评估实验动物血清、肾脏和肝脏中的酶（超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽）活性。肝、肾、收获脾脏并分析组织学变化。与对照组相比，感染者的平均体重有所下降（). 与对照组相比，受感染个体的平均体温升高（35–37°C）（). 感染组和对照组的红细胞指数显着下降（). 在红细胞指数中，只有 MCHC 表示下降不显着（). 血清SOD显着升高（), SOD 没有显着增加 ()在肾脏和肝脏中 SOD 表明显着减少 (). 血清、肾脏和肝脏显着增加（)在 CAT 中。研究结果中的血清 GSH 表明增加不显着（),肾脏和肝脏 GSH 显着升高 (). SOD的相关分析显示血清/肾脏呈无显着负相关，血清/肝脏和肾脏/肝脏呈显着正相关。CAT结果显示血清与肾脏、血清与肝脏、肾脏/肝脏呈显着正相关。GSH结果显示与血清/肾脏无显着负相关，与血清/肝脏和肾脏/肝脏无显着正相关。肾脏、肝脏和脾脏的组织学损伤在慢性期明显高于亚急性期，对照组无组织损伤。总之，亚急性期和慢性期锥虫感染与血液学指标、肝脏、脾脏和肾脏的抗氧化剂以及组织学结构的变化有关。