The study aim was to determine the optimal gamma irradiation dose for mutation breeding in Triticum turgidum ssp. durum L. Root, shoot and seedling growth, as well as the efficiency of energy conversion into growth were determined to examine the growth retardation effects of gamma irradiation that are the result of DNA damage (bridges, ring chromosomes, micronuclei, incomplete mitosis) in Triticum turgidum ssp. durum L. The kernels were irradiated with doses of 50, 150, 250 and 350 Gy using a ⁶⁰Cobalt gamma-ray source. The kernels were placed in germination paper at 25 °C to grow for a 132 h period for the determination of shoot and root growth and the efficiency of energy conversion into growth. Root tips were collected and fixated over a 47.5 h growth period for the determination of the chromosomal abnormalities and incomplete mitosis. The control differed highly significantly (p < 0.01) from irradiated samples at all doses in root growth and from 250 to 350 Gy samples in shoot growth and the efficiency of energy conversion into growth. There was a highly significant (p < 0.01) increase in the number of bridges and micronuclei between 50 Gy samples and samples irradiated with the higher irradiation doses while 50 Gy samples differed only from 250 and 350 Gy samples regarding ring chromosomes and interphase cells with incomplete mitosis. Root and seedling growth on the one hand and the efficiency of energy conversion into growth on the other were found to be measuring different effects of gamma irradiation on plant growth. The latter was used for the determination of the optimal dose for mutation breeding as 155.52 Gy.

本研究旨在确定Triticum turgidum ssp 诱变育种的最佳伽马辐照剂量。确定了硬粒小麦的根、芽和幼苗生长，以及能量转化为生长的效率，以检查由于 DNA 损伤（桥、环染色体、微核、不完全有丝分裂）导致的伽马辐照的生长迟缓效应小麦 turgidum ssp。硬粒小麦 L. 使用⁶⁰钴伽马射线源。将籽粒置于 25°C 的发芽纸中生长 132 小时，用于测定芽和根的生长以及能量转化为生长的效率。在 47.5 小时的生长期内收集并固定根尖，以确定染色体异常和不完全有丝分裂。对照在所有剂量下的根部生长和 250 至 350 Gy 的样品在枝条生长和能量转化为生长的效率方面与辐照样品有显着差异 ( p  < 0.01)。有一个非常重要的（p < 0.01) 50 Gy 样品和用较高辐照剂量照射的样品之间的桥和微核数量增加，而 50 Gy 样品与 250 和 350 Gy 样品的环形染色体和有丝分裂不完全的间期细胞仅不同。一方面是根和幼苗的生长，另一方面是能量转化为生长的效率，被发现测量伽马辐照对植物生长的不同影响。后者用于确定突变育种的最佳剂量为155.52 Gy。