OBJECTIVE Among adults with Tourette syndrome, depression and anxiety symptoms are widely prevalent and consistently associated with poor quality of life. Important knowledge gaps remain regarding mood and anxiety dimensions of the adult Tourette syndrome phenotype. Taking a dimensional approach, this study sought to determine the prevalence, severity, and clinical correlates of depression and anxiety symptoms in a clinical sample of adults with Tourette syndrome and other chronic tic disorders. METHODS A retrospective chart review was conducted of all adults with a chronic tic disorder presenting to a tertiary care Tourette syndrome clinic between December 2020 and July 2022. Information extracted during chart review included data from scales administered as part of routine care: Quality of Life in Neurological Disorders (Neuro-QoL) Depression Short Form, Neuro-QoL Anxiety Short Form, Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Self-Report Screening Scale, Dimensional Obsessive-Compulsive Scale, and Yale Global Tic Severity Scale. Relationships between variables were examined by conducting between-group, correlation, and multivariable regression analyses. RESULTS Data from 120 adult patients with a chronic tic disorder (77 men and 43 women) were analyzed. Neuro-QoL Anxiety scores were elevated in 66% of the cohort; Neuro-QoL Depression scores were elevated in 26%. Neuro-QoL Anxiety scores were significantly higher than general population norms, whereas Neuro-QoL Depression scores were not. After adjustment for covariates, depressive and anxiety symptom severity scores were significantly associated with each other and with obsessive-compulsive disorder symptom severity but not with tic severity. Sex-based differences emerged in the analyses. CONCLUSIONS Among adults with chronic tic disorder, anxiety symptoms were more prevalent and severe than depressive symptoms, co-occurring psychiatric symptoms were more tightly linked with each other than with tic severity, and sex-based differences were evident.

中文翻译：

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慢性抽动障碍成人临床样本中抑郁和焦虑的维度评估。

目的 在患有抽动秽语综合征的成年人中，抑郁和焦虑症状广泛存在，并且始终与生活质量差相关。关于成人抽动秽语综合征表型的情绪和焦虑维度仍然存在重要的知识差距。本研究采用多维方法，试图确定患有图雷特综合征和其他慢性抽动障碍的成人临床样本中抑郁和焦虑症状的患病率、严重程度和临床相关性。方法 对 2020 年 12 月至 2022 年 7 月期间到三级护理抽动秽语综合症诊所就诊的所有患有慢性抽动障碍的成人进行回顾性图表审查。图表审查期间提取的信息包括来自作为常规护理一部分的量表中的数据：神经疾病（神经生活质量）抑郁简表、神经生活质量焦虑简表、成人注意力缺陷/多动障碍自我报告筛查量表、维度强迫量表和耶鲁全球抽动严重程度量表。通过进行组间、相关性和多变量回归分析来检查变量之间的关系。结果 对 120 名患有慢性抽动障碍的成年患者（77 名男性和 43 名女性）的数据进行了分析。66% 的队列患者的神经生活质量焦虑评分升高；神经生活质量抑郁评分升高了 26%。神经生活质量焦虑评分显着高于一般人群正常水平，而神经生活质量抑郁评分则不然。调整协变量后，抑郁和焦虑症状严重程度评分彼此显着相关，并且与强迫症症状严重程度显着相关，但与抽动严重程度无关。分析中出现了基于性别的差异。结论 在患有慢性抽动障碍的成年人中，焦虑症状比抑郁症状更普遍和严重，同时发生的精神症状之间的联系比与抽动严重程度的联系更紧密，并且性别差异很明显。