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Empowering machine learning models with contextual knowledge for enhancing the detection of eating disorders in social media posts
Semantic Web ( IF 3 ) Pub Date : 2023-03-13 , DOI: 10.3233/sw-223269
José Alberto Benítez-Andrades 1 , María Teresa García-Ordás 2 , Mayra Russo 3 , Ahmad Sakor 3 , Luis Daniel Fernandes Rotger 4 , Maria-Esther Vidal 3
Affiliation  

Abstract

Social networks have become information dissemination channels, where announcements are posted frequently; they also serve as frameworks for debates in various areas (e.g., scientific, political, and social). In particular, in the health area, social networks represent a channel to communicate and disseminate novel treatments’ success; they also allow ordinary people to express their concerns about a disease or disorder. The Artificial Intelligence (AI) community has developed analytical methods to uncover and predict patterns from posts that enable it to explain news about a particular topic, e.g., mental disorders expressed as eating disorders or depression. Albeit potentially rich while expressing an idea or concern, posts are presented as short texts, preventing, thus, AI models from accurately encoding these posts’ contextual knowledge. We propose a hybrid approach where knowledge encoded in community-maintained knowledge graphs (e.g., Wikidata) is combined with deep learning to categorize social media posts using existing classification models. The proposed approach resorts to state-of-the-art named entity recognizers and linkers (e.g., Falcon 2.0) to extract entities in short posts and link them to concepts in knowledge graphs. Then, knowledge graph embeddings (KGEs) are utilized to compute latent representations of the extracted entities, which result in vector representations of the posts that encode these entities’ contextual knowledge extracted from the knowledge graphs. These KGEs are combined with contextualized word embeddings (e.g., BERT) to generate a context-based representation of the posts that empower prediction models. We apply our proposed approach in the health domain to detect whether a publication is related to an eating disorder (e.g., anorexia or bulimia) and uncover concepts within the discourse that could help healthcare providers diagnose this type of mental disorder. We evaluate our approach on a dataset of 2,000 tweets about eating disorders. Our experimental results suggest that combining contextual knowledge encoded in word embeddings with the one built from knowledge graphs increases the reliability of the predictive models. The ambition is that the proposed method can support health domain experts in discovering patterns that may forecast a mental disorder, enhancing early detection and more precise diagnosis towards personalized medicine.



中文翻译:

为机器学习模型提供上下文知识,以增强对社交媒体帖子中饮食失调的检测

摘要

社交网络成为信息传播渠道,公告频繁发布;它们还充当各个领域(例如,科学、政治和社会)辩论的框架。特别是在健康领域,社交网络是交流和传播新疗法成功的渠道;它们还允许普通人表达他们对疾病或失调的担忧。人工智能 (AI) 社区已经开发出分析方法来发现和预测帖子中的模式,使其能够解释有关特定主题的新闻,例如,表现为饮食失调或抑郁症的精神障碍。尽管在表达想法或担忧时可能很丰富,但帖子以短文本形式呈现,因此阻止 AI 模型准确编码这些帖子的上下文知识。我们提出了一种混合方法,将社区维护的知识图(例如维基数据)中编码的知识与深度学习相结合,以使用现有的分类模型对社交媒体帖子进行分类。所提出的方法采用最先进的命名实体识别器和链接器(例如,Falcon 2.0)来提取短文中的实体并将它们链接到知识图中的概念。然后,利用知识图嵌入 (KGE) 来计算提取的实体的潜在表示,从而生成对从知识图提取的这些实体的上下文知识进行编码的帖子的向量表示。这些 KGE 与上下文词嵌入(例如 BERT)相结合,以生成增强预测模型的基于上下文的帖子表示。我们将我们提出的方法应用于健康领域,以检测出版物是否与饮食失调(例如,厌食症或贪食症)有关,并揭示话语中可以帮助医疗保健提供者诊断此类精神障碍的概念。我们在包含 2,000 条关于饮食失调的推文的数据集上评估我们的方法。我们的实验结果表明,将词嵌入中编码的上下文知识与从知识图构建的知识相结合,可以提高预测模型的可靠性。目标是所提出的方法可以支持健康领域专家发现可能预测精神障碍的模式,增强早期检测和更精确的个性化医疗诊断。厌食症或贪食症)并揭示话语中的概念,这些概念可以帮助医疗保健提供者诊断这种类型的精神障碍。我们在包含 2,000 条关于饮食失调的推文的数据集上评估我们的方法。我们的实验结果表明,将词嵌入中编码的上下文知识与从知识图构建的知识相结合,可以提高预测模型的可靠性。目标是所提出的方法可以支持健康领域专家发现可能预测精神障碍的模式,增强早期检测和更精确的个性化医疗诊断。厌食症或贪食症)并揭示话语中的概念,这些概念可以帮助医疗保健提供者诊断这种类型的精神障碍。我们在包含 2,000 条关于饮食失调的推文的数据集上评估我们的方法。我们的实验结果表明,将词嵌入中编码的上下文知识与从知识图构建的知识相结合,可以提高预测模型的可靠性。目标是所提出的方法可以支持健康领域专家发现可能预测精神障碍的模式,增强早期检测和更精确的个性化医疗诊断。我们的实验结果表明,将词嵌入中编码的上下文知识与从知识图构建的知识相结合,可以提高预测模型的可靠性。目标是所提出的方法可以支持健康领域专家发现可能预测精神障碍的模式,增强早期检测和更精确的个性化医疗诊断。我们的实验结果表明,将词嵌入中编码的上下文知识与从知识图构建的知识相结合,可以提高预测模型的可靠性。目标是所提出的方法可以支持健康领域专家发现可能预测精神障碍的模式,增强早期检测和更精确的个性化医疗诊断。

更新日期:2023-03-13
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