OBJECTIVE Repetitive head impacts (RHIs) experienced during sports are gaining attention due to potential long-term neurological dysfunction, absent of a diagnosed concussion. One area susceptible to dysfunction is vision. The goal of this study was to evaluate changes in visual quality of life (VQOL) and functional vision scores from pre- to post-season among collision and non-collision athletes. METHODS The Visual Functioning Questionnaire-25 and Neuro-Ophthalmic Supplement (NOS), as well as functional vision testing (Mobile Universal Lexicon Evaluation System - MULES) were completed pre- and post-season by three groups: collision athletes, non-collision athletes, and minimally active controls (MACs). RESULTS There were 42 participants, with 41 (21 male, 20 female) completing both testing sessions, with a mean (standard deviation [SD]) age of 21 (2.46) years (collision group, n = 14; non-collision group, n = 13, MACs, n = 14). Baseline analyses revealed no significant differences between groups for VQOL or MULES scores. However, those with a family history of psychiatric disorder scored significantly worse on NOS. Post-season/follow-up testing revealed no significant differences between groups for VQOL scores. Non-collision athletes significantly improved on the MULES test by 2.46 ± 3.60 (SD) s (35.0 [95% confidence interval, 0.29-4.63]; p = .03). Change score results from pre- to post-season were not significant. CONCLUSION Although the groups were not significantly different from one another, non-collision athletes significantly improved MULES scores, whereas collision athletes performed the worst, suggesting exposure to RHIs may impact functional vision. Thus, further evaluation of RHIs and their impact on vision is warranted.

中文翻译：

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在竞争季节对碰撞和非碰撞运动员的视觉生活质量和功能视觉进行检查。

目的 运动中经历的重复性头部撞击 (RHIs) 由于潜在的长期神经功能障碍而受到关注，而没有诊断为脑震荡。一个容易出现功能障碍的区域是视力。本研究的目的是评估碰撞和非碰撞运动员从季前到季后的视觉生活质量 (VQOL) 和功能视觉评分的变化。方法 视觉功能问卷 25 和神经眼科补充 (NOS)，以及功能性视力测试（移动通用词典评估系统 - MULES）由三组在赛季前和赛季后完成：碰撞运动员、非碰撞运动员和最低限度主动控制 (MAC)。结果 共有 42 名参与者，其中 41 名（21 名男性，20 名女性）完成了两次测试，平均（标准差 [SD]）年龄为 21 (2.46) 岁（碰撞组，n = 14；非碰撞组，n = 13，MAC，n = 14）。基线分析显示各组之间的 VQOL 或 MULES 分数没有显着差异。然而，那些有精神疾病家族史的人在 NOS 上的得分明显更差。季后/后续测试显示各组之间的 VQOL 分数没有显着差异。非碰撞运动员在 MULES 测试中显着提高了 2.46 ± 3.60 (SD) s（35.0 [95% 置信区间，0.29-4.63]；p = .03）。从季前到季后的变化得分结果并不显着。结论 虽然各组之间没有显着差异，但非碰撞运动员显着提高了 MULES 分数，而碰撞运动员表现最差，表明接触 RHI 可能会影响功能性视力。因此，有必要进一步评估 RHI 及其对视力的影响。