Abstract

Christian Ludwig Krause (1706-1773) died 250 years ago in Berlin. In his time, he was famous for rich plant collections in his garden. Through an interpretation of historical plans and other sources, this paper addresses the setting, design, lifespan and functions of Krause's garden. Krause established his garden on two plots of land in the Strahlau suburb beyond the gates of baroque Berlin starting in 1732. Both plots were formally designed, and documents show they contained 2420 taxa, making them a remarkable early botanical garden. The garden was connected with a nursery and a seed trade and became a hub for a broad distribution of exotic plants. Through a wide-ranging correspondence and the exchange of seeds, Krause became part of a European network of natural history research. His gardens were also important places of knowledge for local botanical research. Krause's business was continued by his son until 1820. The garden remained in the family until 1837 and continued to exist until about 1860. The history of Krause’s garden shows us how, in the 18th century, a private garden in a peri-urban environment could become an important place of cultivated biodiversity, horticultural art and botanical knowledge.

摘要

克里斯蒂安·路德维希·克劳斯（Christian Ludwig Krause，1706-1773 年）于 250 年前在柏林去世。在他那个时代，他以花园里丰富的植物收藏而闻名。通过对历史规划和其他资料的解释，本文讨论了克劳斯花园的设置、设计、寿命和功能。克劳斯从 1732 年开始在巴洛克风格的柏林城外的 Strahlau 郊区的两块土地上建立了他的花园。这两块土地都经过正式设计，文件显示它们包含 2420 个分类单元，使它们成为一个非凡的早期植物园。该花园与苗圃和种子贸易相连，成为广泛分布外来植物的中心。通过广泛的通信和种子交换，克劳斯成为欧洲自然历史研究网络的一部分。他的花园也是当地植物研究的重要知识场所。克劳斯的生意由他的儿子继续经营，直到 1820 年。花园一直属于家族，直到 1837 年，并一直存在到大约 1860 年。克劳斯花园的历史向我们展示了，在 18 世纪，城市周边环境中的私人花园如何成为栽培生物多样性、园艺艺术和植物知识的重要场所。