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Anthropogenic noise interacts with the predation risk assessment in a free-ranging bird
Current Zoology ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2023-05-02 , DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoad019
Piotr Matyjasiak 1 , Patrycja Chacińska 2 , Piotr Książka 2
Affiliation  

Anthropogenic noise can affect a number of behavioral, physiological and ecological aspects of animals from major taxonomic groups, raising serious conservation concerns. For example, noise pollution impacts communicative behavior and perception of signals, movements and distribution, as well as predator-prey interactions, such as hunting success or predator detection and predation risk assessment. We have carried out an experimental playback study, in which we investigated whether exposure to anthropogenic noise (sound of a tractor) distracts free-ranging barn swallows Hirundo rustica from paying attention to an approaching human ‘predator’ (the ‘cognitive distraction’ hypothesis), or whether noise leads to increased responsiveness to this ‘predator’ (the ‘increased threat’ hypothesis). The subjects were male barn swallows attending their breeding territories during the time when the females were incubating. We found that barn swallow males initiated flight at significantly greater distances to the approaching human ‘predator’ in the noise treatment than during the quiet control trials. These results suggest that anthropogenic noise causes increased vigilance and reactivity rather than distraction, enabling birds to avoid the ‘predator’ more quickly. We further discuss the mechanism behind the increased alertness in response to noise and contrast the ‘increased threat’ mechanism, usually tested in previous studies, with an alternative ‘cognitive sensitization’ mechanism.

中文翻译:

人为噪声与自由放养鸟类的捕食风险评估相互作用

人为噪音会影响主要分类群动物的许多行为、生理和生态方面,引起严重的保护问题。例如,噪音污染会影响交际行为和对信号、运动和分布的感知,以及捕食者与猎物的相互作用,例如狩猎成功或捕食者检测和捕食风险评估。我们进行了一项实验性回放研究,其中我们调查了暴露于人为噪音(拖拉机的声音)是否会分散自由放养的家燕 Hirundo rustica 对正在接近的人类“捕食者”的注意力(“认知干扰”假说) ,或者噪音是否会导致对这种“捕食者”的反应增加(“威胁增加”假设)。受试者是在雌性孵化期间出现在它们繁殖地的雄性家燕。我们发现,与安静控制试验相比,在噪声处理中,雄性家燕开始飞行时与接近的人类“捕食者”的距离明显更大。这些结果表明,人为噪音会导致警惕性和反应性增强,而不是分散注意力,从而使鸟类能够更快地避开“捕食者”。我们进一步讨论了对噪音反应提高警觉性背后的机制,并将通常在以前的研究中测试的“增加威胁”机制与另一种“认知敏化”机制进行对比。我们发现,与安静控制试验相比,在噪声处理中,雄性家燕开始飞行时与接近的人类“捕食者”的距离明显更大。这些结果表明,人为噪音会导致警惕性和反应性增强,而不是分散注意力,从而使鸟类能够更快地避开“捕食者”。我们进一步讨论了对噪音反应提高警觉性背后的机制,并将通常在以前的研究中测试的“增加威胁”机制与另一种“认知敏化”机制进行对比。我们发现,与安静控制试验相比,在噪声处理中,雄性家燕开始飞行时与接近的人类“捕食者”的距离明显更大。这些结果表明,人为噪音会导致警惕性和反应性增强,而不是分散注意力,从而使鸟类能够更快地避开“捕食者”。我们进一步讨论了对噪音反应提高警觉性背后的机制,并将通常在以前的研究中测试的“增加威胁”机制与另一种“认知敏化”机制进行对比。
更新日期:2023-05-02
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