Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), the key methodology for mapping the functions of the human brain in a noninvasive manner, is limited by low temporal and spatial resolution. Recent advances in ultra-high field (UHF) fMRI provide a mesoscopic (i.e., submillimeter resolution) tool that allows us to probe laminar and columnar circuits, distinguish bottom-up versus top-down pathways, and map small subcortical areas. We review recent work demonstrating that UHF fMRI provides a robust methodology for imaging the brain across cortical depths and columns that provides insights into the brain's organization and functions at unprecedented spatial resolution, advancing our understanding of the fine-scale computations and interareal communication that support visual cognition.

中文翻译：

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人类视觉认知的超高场成像

功能磁共振成像（fMRI）是以非侵入方式绘制人脑功能的关键方法，但其时间和空间分辨率较低。超高场（UHF）功能磁共振成像的最新进展提供了一种介观（即亚毫米分辨率）工具，使我们能够探测层状和柱状电路，区分自下而上和自上而下的路径，并绘制小的皮层下区域。我们回顾了最近的工作，证明 UHF fMRI 提供了一种强大的方法来对大脑皮层深度和柱进行成像，以前所未有的空间分辨率深入了解大脑的组织和功能，增进我们对支持视觉的精细计算和区域间通信的理解认识。