: Since the isolation and structural determination of muscimol, diverse chemical synthetic methods have been developed for the synthesis of the compound and its fluorinated derivatives such as fluoromuscimol and trifluoromethylmuscimol. These classes of compounds have been extensively employed as important building blocks in the design of drugs and pharmaceutical compounds with a broad spectrum of biological activities. However, when compared to other organohalogenic compounds, there are relatively limited methods for forming carbon-fluorine bonds in organic chemistry. Furthermore, there are very few naturally occurring organofluorine molecules exist, indicating that fluorination agents are scarce in nature. Despite the potential usage of fluorinated 5-membered heteroaromatic compounds and their functionalization in the life science industries, studies pertaining to the synthesis of substances containing such structural units are rare and challenging. This review discussed the progress made in the synthesis of natural product, muscimol and its fluoro and trifluoromethyl analogues. In addition to that, the mechanisms for the formation of isoxazole and fluoroisoxazole motifs were also discussed. This information provides important synthetic strategies for researchers in constructing such privileged structures.

中文翻译：

---

蝇蕈醇及其含氟类似物的实用合成综述

: 自从蝇蕈醇的分离和结构测定以来，已经开发了多种化学合成方法来合成该化合物及其氟化衍生物，如氟蝇蕈醇和三氟甲基蝇蕈醇。这些类别的化合物已被广泛用作设计具有广泛生物活性的药物和药物化合物的重要组成部分。然而，与其他有机卤化物相比，有机化学中形成碳氟键的方法相对有限。此外，天然存在的有机氟分子非常少，表明自然界中氟化剂非常稀缺。尽管氟化 5 元杂芳烃化合物及其在生命科学行业中的功能化具有潜在用途，与含有此类结构单元的物质的合成有关的研究很少见且具有挑战性。本综述讨论了天然产物蝇蕈醇及其氟和三氟甲基类似物的合成进展。除此之外，还讨论了异恶唑和氟异恶唑基序的形成机制。该信息为研究人员构建此类特权结构提供了重要的综合策略。