OBJECTIVE Despite significant individual and societal risk, alcohol-impaired driving (AID) remains prevalent in the United States. Our aim was to determine whether breathalyzer-cued warning messages administered via mobile devices in the natural drinking environment could influence real-world AID cognitions and behaviors. METHOD One hundred twenty young adults (53% women; mean age = 24.7) completed 6 weeks of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) and provided breathalyzer samples using a BACtrack Mobile Pro linked to their mobile device. On mornings after drinking episodes, participants reported their driving activities from the previous evening (787 episodes). Participants were randomly assigned to receive warning messages if they reached a breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) ≥ .05, or no messages. Participants in the warnings condition reported their willingness to drive and perceived danger of driving at EMA prompts (1,541 reports). RESULTS We observed a significant effect of condition, such that the association between cumulative AID engagement and driving after reaching a BrAC of .05 was dampened among individuals in the warnings condition, compared to those in the no warnings condition. Receiving a warning message was associated with increased momentary perceived danger of driving and decreased willingness to drive. CONCLUSIONS We found that BrAC-cued warning messages reduced the probability of AID and willingness to drive while impaired, and increased the perceived danger of driving after drinking. These results serve as proof-of-concept for the use of mobile technology to deliver an adaptive just-in-time intervention to reduce the probability of AID. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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使用移动技术影响酒后驾驶风险认知和决策。

目标 尽管存在重大的个人和社会风险，酒后驾驶 (AID) 在美国仍然普遍存在。我们的目的是确定在自然饮酒环境中通过移动设备发出的呼气分析仪提示的警告信息是否会影响现实世界的 AID 认知和行为。方法 120 名年轻人（53% 为女性；平均年龄 = 24.7 岁）完成了 6 周的生态瞬时评估 (EMA)，并使用与其移动设备相连的 BACtrack Mobile Pro 提供呼气分析仪样本。在饮酒后的早晨，参与者报告了前一天晚上的驾驶活动（787 次）。如果参与者达到呼吸酒精浓度 (BrAC) ≥ .05，则被随机分配接收警告消息，或者没有消息。处于警告状态的参与者报告了他们在 EMA 提示下驾驶的意愿和感知到的驾驶危险（1,541 份报告）。结果我们观察到条件的显着影响，例如，与无警告条件下的个体相比，在警告条件下的个体在达到 0.05 的 BraAC 后，累积 AID 参与度与驾驶之间的关联减弱。收到警告信息与瞬间感知的驾驶危险增加和驾驶意愿降低相关。结论 我们发现，BrAC 提示的警告信息降低了 AID 的可能性和受损驾驶的意愿，并增加了酒后驾驶的感知危险。这些结果可以作为使用移动技术提供自适应及时干预以降低艾滋病发生概率的概念验证。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2023 APA，保留所有权利）。