Purpose of Review

To synthesize the existing literature regarding the complex interplay between sleep disturbance, obesity, and diabetes. The review emphasizes the three pillars of health being diet, exercise, and sleep, with the notion that if one is ignored, then the other two could suffer.

Recent Findings

Sleep deprivation is associated with incident obesity, perhaps mediated by dysregulation in leptin and ghrelin — hormones important in regulation of appetite. Sleep apnea is very common particularly among obese people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Treatment of sleep apnea has clear symptomatic benefits although its impact on long-term cardiometabolic health is less clear.

Summary

Sleep disturbance may be an important modifiable risk for patients at risk of cardiometabolic disease. An assessment of sleep health may be an important component of the comprehensive care of patients with obesity and diabetes mellitus.

中文翻译：

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睡眠呼吸暂停、肥胖和糖尿病——相互交织的三重奏

审查目的

综合有关睡眠障碍、肥胖和糖尿病之间复杂相互作用的现有文献。该评论强调健康的三大支柱是饮食、运动和睡眠，并认为如果忽视其中一项，那么其他两项可能会受到影响。

最近的发现

睡眠不足与肥胖有关，这可能是由瘦素和生长素释放肽（调节食欲的重要激素）失调介导的。睡眠呼吸暂停非常常见，特别是在患有 2 型糖尿病的肥胖人群中。睡眠呼吸暂停的治疗具有明显的症状益处，尽管其对长期心脏代谢健康的影响尚不清楚。

概括

对于有心脏代谢疾病风险的患者来说，睡眠障碍可能是一个重要的可改变的风险。睡眠健康评估可能是肥胖和糖尿病患者综合护理的重要组成部分。