Soft robotics enables various applications in certain environments where conventional rigid robotics cannot deliver the same performance due to their form factor and stiffness. Animals use their soft external organs to carry out activities in response to challenging natural environments efficiently. The objective of soft robots is to provide biologically inspired abilities and enable adaptable and flexible interactions with complex objects and surroundings. Recent advances in stimuli-responsive soft robot technology have heavily used polymer-based multifunctional materials. Soft robots with incredibly sophisticated multi-mechanical, electrical, or optical capabilities have demonstrated the ability to modify their shape intelligently in response to external stimuli, such as light, electricity, thermal gradient, and magnetic fields. This short review covers recent advances in scientific techniques for incorporating multifunctional polymeric materials into stimuli-responsive bioinspired soft robots and their applications. We also discuss how biological inspiration and environmental effects can provide a viable viewpoint for bioinspired design in the innovative field of soft robotics. Lastly, we highlight the future outlooks and prospects for soft, stimuli-responsive, bio-inspired robots.

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基于刺激响应聚合物的仿生软机器人

软机器人在某些环境中实现了各种应用，在这些环境中，传统的刚性机器人由于其形状因数和刚度而无法提供相同的性能。动物利用其柔软的外部器官有效地开展活动，以应对具有挑战性的自然环境。软体机器人的目标是提供受生物启发的能力，并能够与复杂物体和环境进行适应性和灵活的交互。刺激响应软体机器人技术的最新进展大量使用了基于聚合物的多功能材料。具有极其复杂的多机械、电气或光学功能的软体机器人已经证明能够智能地修改其形状以响应外部刺激，例如光、电、热梯度和磁场。这篇简短的综述涵盖了将多功能聚合物材料结合到刺激响应仿生软机器人及其应用中的科学技术的最新进展。我们还讨论了生物灵感和环境影响如何为软机器人创新领域的生物灵感设计提供可行的观点。最后，我们强调了软体、刺激响应、仿生机器人的未来前景。